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Publications - 6674

Did it Come in Handy? Factors Helping the Spread of Christianity in the Roman Empire

Gergely Deli

Publication Name: Journal on European History of Law

Publication Date: 2026-06-26

Volume: 17

Issue: 1

Page Range: 151-159

Description:

The main argument of this paper is that at the turn of the 2nd and 3rd centuries AD, three important changes took place in Roman society which pointed in new directions that were congruent with some of the characteristics of Christianity. On the one hand, a new need for a universal system of social norms emerged in the imperial administration. On the other hand, traditional and retrospective Roman morality was being replaced by a more future-oriented moral narrative. The third major change was the emergence of a profane, political version of messianic expectations. This triple need for a universal moral order, faith in the future, and a messianic attitude embodied by the emperor, was so strong that it made reform attempts inevitable in the legislation and organisation of the state. It is worth reflecting on these factors, as they bring to light new considerations that have received less attention until now, but nonetheless facilitated the general acceptance of Christianity.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.66847/jehl.v17i1.582

Adaptation of road safety inspection method to railway level crossings

Dániel Miletics Marcell Ladich

Publication Name: Pollack Periodica

Publication Date: 2025-03-26

Volume: 20

Issue: 1

Page Range: 39-45

Description:

In recent years, the number of road traffic crashes showed a decreasing trend in Hungary, but this cannot be stated about crashes at road-railway level crossings. The Hungarian Railways has repeatedly called attention to the dangers of rail transport. The main goal of this paper is to develop a new safety inspection method for road-railway level crossings based on the existing road safety inspection method. Based on the experiences of road safety inspections completed at ten locations suggestions were given for the adaptation of the method to railway crossings. The most important findings of the safety inspections are also presented in the paper.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1556/606.2024.01043

Environmental regulation, digital inclusive finance and green technology innovation: a dynamic knowledge management perspective

Irum Shahzadi Da Wang Sabrine Mallek Huachao Zha

Publication Name: Journal of Knowledge Management

Publication Date: 2026-06-16

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 1-21

Description:

Purpose – This study aims to investigate how environmental regulation breaks the low-end knowledge lock-in of resource-based cities and promotes green technology innovation through knowledge management mechanisms, and to examine the important role of digital inclusive finance (DF) as a knowledge acquisition infrastructure. Design/methodology/approach – Drawing on dynamic knowledge management theory, this study uses a DID approach and uses panel data from 264 prefecture-level cities in China from 2014–2023, taking the Environmental Protection Tax Law (EPTL) as a quasi-natural experiment, to examine the effect of the EPTL on green technology innovation in resource-based cities, the mediating mechanisms of knowledge search and knowledge integration and the moderating mechanism of DF. Findings – The EPTL significantly promotes green technology innovation in resource-based cities, a result robust to a series of tests. Mechanism analyses reveal that the EPTL facilitates green innovation by enhancing knowledge search and knowledge integration. DF strengthens both mediating pathways. Heterogeneity analyses show that the positive effect is more pronounced in cities with weaker legal systems and those experiencing severe resource depletion. Originality/value – To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is among the first to conceptualize environmental regulation as a knowledge governance mechanism that breaks low-end knowledge lock-in in resource-dependent regions. It extends dynamic knowledge management theory by identifying knowledge search and integration as micro-foundations of the Porter effect, and reveals DF as a knowledge management infrastructure that lowers search costs and enhances integration efficiency.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1108/JKM-02-2026-0228

The Impact of LED-Based eHMIs on Pedestrian Decision-Making and Perceptions at Crossings

Emese Makó Attila Borsos Symbat Zhanguzhinova

Publication Name: Transportation Research Procedia

Publication Date: 2025-01-01

Volume: 91

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 163-170

Description:

Effective communication between vehicles and pedestrians is essential for ensuring crossing safety, particularly as automated vehicles (AVs) become more prevalent. This study evaluated pedestrian perceptions of five communication scenarios using green LED-based External Human–Machine Interfaces (eHMIs) mounted on a conventional vehicle: (A) an arrow LED on the license plate, (B) an arrow LED on the windscreen, (C) a full LED on the license plate, (D) a full LED on the windscreen, and (E) no LED interface (control). Participants viewed video recordings of each scenario and responded to questions regarding perceived safety, clarity, and trust. Additionally, their leg movement onset time was recorded as an indicator of crossing decision behavior. The results indicated that the full LED on the license plate was perceived as the most trustworthy and clear, and it elicited faster crossing decisions compared to the control condition. In contrast, no LED interface yielded the lowest scores for clarity, safety, and trust, and was associated with longer decision times. Statistical analysis (Kendall’s τ > 0.6) revealed strong correlations among perceived safety, trust, and clarity across all conditions. These findings support the potential of LED-based eHMIs - particularly those with full green illumination - to enhance pedestrian safety and decision-making at crossings.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.trpro.2025.10.022

Ensuring Sustainable Development in Light of Pandemic “New Normal” Influence

Halyna Mishchuk Eszter Lukács Jakub Jerzy Czarkowski Anastasiia Neverkovets

Publication Name: Sustainability Switzerland

Publication Date: 2023-09-01

Volume: 15

Issue: 18

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

The study aims to estimate the possibilities of sustainable development, ensuring and achieving the sustainable development goals (SDGs) in light of challenges caused by the pandemic’s “new normal”. In this regard, the study employs bibliometric and empirical approaches. Based on the bibliometric analysis results, it is found that the main focus of sustainable development studies during the pandemic is on economic issues (particularly, innovations and strategic decision-making) while also addressing humanitarian problems such as ensuring health and well-being. To find the practical problems in ensuring sustainable development during the pandemic period, we used the case of Ukraine with appropriate empirical analysis at two levels. Therefore, we estimated the achievements of SDGs compared to planned indicators for 2020 (as the last report data available for this study). As a result, the low level of achievements is proven; particularly, only 20% of planned indicators are fulfilled with planned values. Moreover, the sociological research is conducted to reveal the subjective perceptions of the pandemic’s influence on the possibilities of achieving SDGs. The survey was conducted during the second pandemic wave in December 2020–January 2021, involving 416 respondents. The obtained results confirmed the ambiguous influence of the pandemic. On the one hand, the positive changes are typical for healthcare services and distance learning. However, the negative influence of the pandemic’s “new normal” on SDGs is confirmed by respondents through their concerns about the effects of the pandemic on the development of investments and agricultural technologies as well as the progress in goals, such as “Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure” and “Sustainable Cities and Communities”.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/su151813979

Persistence of Asbestos-Containing Friction Materials in the Hungarian Waste Stream Twenty Years After the European Union Ban

Gergely Zoltán Macher Áron Szandi Krisztián Sándor Zaka Zsombor Balog

Publication Name: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health

Publication Date: 2026-06-01

Volume: 23

Issue: 6

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Although asbestos has been banned in the European Union since 2005, asbestos-containing materials, such as brake pads and clutch linings, may still occur in waste streams due to the long service life of vehicles, legacy equipment, and international trade in spare parts. The persistence of these materials raises environmental and occupational health concerns, particularly in waste management systems. This study aims to assess the presence, temporal trends, and sectoral distribution of asbestos-containing friction materials in the Hungarian waste management system two decades after the EU ban, and to evaluate the associated regulatory and occupational risk implications. The analysis is based on national hazardous waste datasets classified under EWC code 16 01 11* (asbestos-containing brake pads), with a specific focus on this waste category rather than on the full range of asbestos-related waste streams recorded in the national database. The results indicate that asbestos-containing friction materials are still present in the waste stream, with measurable quantities recorded annually. Despite regulatory control, identification challenges and potential misclassification may contribute to underreporting. The continued occurrence of asbestos-containing materials highlights the persistence of legacy hazardous materials within circular economy systems. Strengthened monitoring, improved identification protocols, and enhanced occupational safety measures are necessary to mitigate residual exposure risks. The findings underline that asbestos is not merely a historical issue but remains a contemporary environmental and public health challenge.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/ijerph23060802

Green Energy Literacy and Eco- Inequality: Exploring Socio- Demographic Drivers of Sustainable Awareness

Omar A. Guirette- Barbosa Selene Castañeda- Burciaga Csongor Czipf Absalón J. Salmerón- Zapata José G. Vargas- Hernandez

Publication Name: Inequality and Environmental Degradation in A Prosperity Driven World

Publication Date: 2025-01-01

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 401-428

Description:

This research examines the complex interaction of socio- demographic characteristics and socio- ecological factors in the specification of green energy- related financial literacy across different populations. The research employs a mixed- methods ap-proach that combines quantitative survey returns of respondents across different regions with qualitative interview data from respondents with diverse demographic characteristics. Results indicate significant inconsistencies in green energy monetary literacy, whereby increased levels of education, urban residence, young age cohorts, and greater environmental consciousness powerfully predict greater understanding of renewable energy funding options, incentive systems, and investment strategies. The research concludes by calling for the development of culturally sensitive, localespecific financial education programs that can provide fill- in- knowledge and provide equal access to opportunities for green energy adoption.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.4018/979-8-3373-1862-2.ch013

Understanding Pedestrian–Vehicle Conflicts at Signalized Intersections: A Structured Review and Conceptual Framework for Right-Turning Interactions in Sustainable Urban Mobility

Emese Makó Hanan Alkhansa

Publication Name: Sustainability Switzerland

Publication Date: 2026-06-01

Volume: 18

Issue: 12

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Pedestrian safety at signalized intersections is a key component of sustainable urban mobility, as safer walking environments support active transportation, reduce crash risk, and improve the inclusiveness of urban transport systems. This study presents a structured review of pedestrian–vehicle conflicts based on a systematic PRISMA-guided literature search, synthesizing 60 studies with emphasis on operational conditions, behavioral factors, infrastructural characteristics, and surrogate safety measures. The review examines the application of surrogate safety measures (SSMs), including Time-to-Collision (TTC), Post-Encroachment Time (PET), Pedestrian Path Deviation (PPD), and Deceleration-to-Safety Time (DST). The findings reveal significant variability in threshold definitions and methodological approaches, which limits the comparability and transferability of results across different traffic contexts. Building on this synthesis, the paper proposes an integrated conceptual framework linking behavioral, operational, and infrastructural determinants to conflict occurrence and severity. The analysis shows that existing studies often treat these factors in isolation, reducing the generalizability of current models. Overall, this review identifies key methodological inconsistencies in surrogate safety indicators and emphasizes the need for standardized yet context-sensitive thresholds and locally validated conflict models to improve the comparability and transferability of pedestrian–vehicle conflict assessments.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/su18126133

Will this be the next step? A systematic review of 3D printing in footwear biomechanics

Yaodong Gu Gusztáv Fekete Dong Sun András Kovács Yang Song Zhenghui Lu Xin Li

Publication Name: Footwear Science

Publication Date: 2025-01-01

Volume: 17

Issue: 2

Page Range: 127-142

Description:

Three-dimensional (3D) printing technology enables designers to push the limits of their creativity, creating new possibilities for high-performance footwear. With advancements in engineering and a deeper understanding of biomechanics, researchers have designed footwear with complex structures comprising various materials. These materials and structures exhibit diverse physical properties and are used in physical activity, sports rehabilitation and competitive athletics. This article offers a systematic review of the biomechanical responses to advancements in 3D-printed footwear research from the past decade, focusing on three key domains: injury prevention, comfort, and athletic performance. Current research suggests that adjusting material stiffness or incorporating specific design elements in 3D-printed footwear can modulate plantar pressure distribution, which plays a crucial role in injury prevention, while also enhancing comfort. However, a consensus has yet to be reached regarding the impact of such footwear on athletic performance. Owing to the heterogeneity of research methodologies, the effectiveness of these designs may be significantly influenced by the design specifics, materials used, and individual user differences. Further systematic research and long-term clinical trials are crucial to advancing this field.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1080/19424280.2025.2472251