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Found 6383 publications
Comparing the efficiency of a fuzzy single-stroke character recognizer with various parameter values
Publication Name: Communications in Computer and Information Science
Publication Date: 2012-11-02
Volume: 297 CCIS
Issue: PART 1
Page Range: 260-269
Description:
In this paper the results of a study on the accuracy of a fuzzy logic-based single-stroke character recognizer are presented by refining various parameter values, such as resolution of the fuzzy grid and the minimum distance between sampled points. The symbol set is a modified version of Palm's Graffiti single-stroke alphabet and it contains 26 different symbols. Each symbol is represented by a single fuzzy rule. The rule base was determined by a subset of the collected samples. 99.4% recognition rate has been achieved with the initial rule base, without training. With the revised parameter values the accuracy is close or even slightly beyond the results of other academic or commercial systems. © 2012 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.
Open Access: Yes
Behaviour of transdanubian clay under unloading and reloading
Publication Name: Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering the Academia and Practice of Geotechnical Engineering
Publication Date: 2009-12-01
Volume: 1
Issue: Unknown
Page Range: 463-465
Description:
In recent years, in the field of geotechnical design, software based on FEM has come to the front. Advanced computer programs make it possible to use more developed soil models besides the most current elastic-plastic Mohr-Coulomb model. By using these computer programs, nonlinear behaviour of the soil can be followed better, even in the case of more complicated load events. Among the constitutive models incorporated in the commercial software the Hardening Soil Model (HS) and Soft Soil Model (SS) are the most promising ones. Observations and experience gained in tunnel construction, deep open excavation or preloaded embankment prove that with these soil models reality can be followed more accurately, especially in cases where unloading and reloading are present. In order to produce the software input parameters, in case of more complicated soil model, more demanding laboratory tests are needed. In case of HS model one of the basic demands is to determine the power for stress-level dependency of stiffness (m), tangent stiffness for primary oedometer loading (E oed ref) and unloading/reloading stiffness (E ur ref). The paper focuses on the behaviour of transdanubian clay common in Hungary. Sampling, laboratory investigations and evaluation aimed to determine the input parameters for the HS are described. Results based on a number of oedometric tests accomplished with unloading and reloading proved to be adequate for the computational purposes. © 2009 IOS Press.
Open Access: Yes
Steplength thresholds for invariance preserving of discretization methods of dynamical systems on a polyhedron
Publication Name: Discrete and Continuous Dynamical Systems Series A
Publication Date: 2015-07-01
Volume: 35
Issue: 7
Page Range: 2997-3013
Description:
Steplength thresholds for invariance preserving of three types of discretization methods on a polyhedron are considered. For Taylor approximation type discretization methods we prove that a valid steplength threshold can be obtained by finding the first positive zeros of a finite number of polynomial functions. Further, a simple and efficient algorithm is proposed to numerically compute the steplength threshold. For rational function type discretization methods we derive a valid steplength threshold for invariance preserving, which can be computed by using an analogous algorithm as in the first case. The relationship between the previous two types of discretization methods and the forward Euler method is studied. Finally, we show that, for the forward Euler method, the largest steplength threshold for invariance preserving can be computed by solving a finite number of linear optimization problems.
Open Access: Yes
Measuring promotional video performance through eye-tracking and cognitive evaluation: A Fermatean fuzzy decision analytics approach
Publication Name: Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence
Publication Date: 2026-04-15
Volume: 170
Issue: Unknown
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
Neuromarketing techniques are increasingly employed to measure emotional responses through brainwaves, eye movements, and facial expressions. The primary motivation of this study is to develop a decision support system capable of evaluating promotional video performance levels based on both eye-tracking data and cognitive assessments. The core objective is to propose a hybrid method that simultaneously integrates neuromarketing insights and cognitive evaluations. To this end, a Fermatean fuzzy (FF)−Hamacher−simple weight calculation (SIWEC)−method based on the removal effects of criteria (MEREC)−alternative ranking using two-step logarithmic normalization (ARLON) decision analytics model is developed and implemented. The FF−SIWEC method is employed to determine subjective criterion weights based on expert judgments, while the FF−MEREC method is used to compute objective weights by analyzing both eye-tracking and qualitative evaluations from viewers. Additionally, the Fermatean fuzzy Hamacher weighted aggregation operator ensures precise aggregation of audience evaluations. The FF−ARLON method is applied to obtain final rankings of promotional videos. A real-world case study is conducted to test the applicability of the proposed method, involving six automobile brands and 10 audiences. Eye-tracking analyses are conducted while audiences view the promotional videos, followed by expert and audience evaluations of seven qualitative and six eye-tracking criteria. Among qualitative criteria, “level of emotional impact” is found to be the most significant, while “saccadic direction” emerges as the most important eye-tracking criterion. The promotional video for the Mercedes brand demonstrates the highest overall performance. This study contributes to the literature by proposing a reliable and consistent hybrid model for evaluating promotional video performance.
Open Access: Yes
Global, regional, and national burden of chronic kidney disease in adults, 1990–2023, and its attributable risk factors: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023
Mohamad Amin Bakhshali
Shoshana H. Ballew
Ovidiu Constantin Baltatu
Maciej Banach
Mainak Bardhan
Ahmed Abdelrahman Abdelgalil
Saurav Basu
Bekalu Mekonen Belay
Makda Abate Belew
Aminu K. Bello
Luis Belo
Amiel Nazer C. Bermudez
Nurudeen A. Adegoke
Fahmi Y. Al-Ashwal
Nelson Alvis-Guzman
Yaser Mohammed Al-Worafi
Adel Sharaf Al-Zubairi
Masoud Aman Mohammadi
Hubert Amu
Filippos Anagnostakis
Abhishek Anil
Sajjad Ahmad
Hiba Jawdat Barqawi
Neeraj Bedi
Anayochukwu Edward Anyasodor
Geminn Louis Carace Apostol
Walter Appati
Sulaimon O. Araromi
Rizwan Suliankatchi Abdulkader
Amir Mahmoud Ahmadzade
Salah Al Awaidy
Syed Shujait Ali
Omar Almidani
Hanadi Al Hamad
Syed Mahfuz Al Hasan
Karem H. Alzoubi
Maha Moh'd Wahbi Atout
Samar Abd ElHafeez
Sajjad Ahmad
Nesredin Ahmed
Marjan Ajami
Ayman Ahmed
Salahdein Aburuz
Yazan Al Thaher
Ashagre Molla Assaye
Khursheed Aurangzeb
Adedapo Wasiu Awotidebe
Domenico Azzolino
Muhammad Badar
Lucas Guimarães Abreu
Bright Opoku Ahinkorah
Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah Adnani
Olugbenga Olusola Abiodun
Dmitry Abramov
Hasan Aalruz
Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah Adnani
Bilyaminu Abubakar
Isaac Yeboah Addo
Oyelola A. Adegboye
Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah Adnani
M. D.Abu Bashar
Shahid Bashir
Mohammad Mahdi Bastan
Akshaya Srikanth Bhagavathula
Sonu Bhaskar
Ajay Nagesh Bhat
Temitayo Esther Adeyeoluwa
Johan Ärnlöv
Bernard Kwadwo Yeboah Asiamah-Asare
Patrick B. Mark
Lauryn K. Stafford
Morgan E. Grams
Hansani Madushika Abeywickrama
Mohammed Mehdi Abrar
Khabir Ahmad
Ali Ahmadi
Aram Mahmood Ahmed
Shahzaib Ahmed
Syed Anees Ahmed
Hasan Aalruz
Priyadarshini Bhattacharjee
Jasvinder Singh Bhatti
Salahdein Aburuz
Mohammed Z. Allouh
Aleksandr Y. Aravkin
Shereen M. Aleidi
Ali M. Alfalki
Fadwa Naji Alhalaiqa
Khalid A. Alhasan
Endale Alemayehu Ali
Rafat Ali
Syed Yusuf Ali
Mohammadreza Akbari
Oluwasefunmi Akeju
Mohammed Ahmed Akkaif
Ziyad Al-Aly
Mohammed Albashtawy
Najim Z. Alshahrani
Awais Altaf
Samah W. Al-Jabi
Maha Moh d.Wahbi Atout
Mohammed Z. Allouh
Wesam Taher Almagharbeh
Khaldoon Aied Alnawafleh
Sadat Abdulla Aziz
Jesu Arockiaraj
Yuni Asri
Sadat Abdulla Aziz
Rizwan Suliankatchi Abdulkader
Publication Name: Lancet
Publication Date: 2025-11-22
Volume: 406
Issue: 10518
Page Range: 2461-2482
Description:
Background Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is common and ranks among the leading causes of mortality and morbidity. This analysis aimed to present global CKD estimates using the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2023 to inform evidence-based policies for CKD identification and treatment. Methods This analysis focused on adults aged 20 years and older over the period 1990 to 2023, from 204 countries and territories. Data sources used were published literature, vital registration systems, kidney failure treatment registries, and household surveys. Estimates of CKD burden, including deaths, incidence, prevalence, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), were produced using a Cause of Death Ensemble model and a Bayesian meta-regression analytical tool. A comparative risk assessment approach estimated the proportion of cardiovascular deaths attributable to impaired kidney function and estimated risk factors for CKD. Findings Globally, in 2023, 788 million (95% uncertainty interval 743–843) people aged 20 years and older were estimated to have CKD, up from 378 million (354–407) in 1990. The global age-standardised prevalence of CKD in adults was 14·2% (13·4–15·2), a relative rise of 3·5% (2·7–4·1) from 1990. The region with the highest age-standardised prevalence was north Africa and the Middle East (18·0%; 16·9–19·4). Most people had stage 1–3 CKD, with a combined prevalence of 13·9% (13·1–15·0). In 2023, CKD was the ninth leading cause of death globally, accounting for 1·48 million (1·30–1·65) deaths, and the 12th leading cause of DALYs, with an age-standardised DALY rate of 769·2 (691·8–857·4) per 100 000. Impaired kidney function as a risk factor accounted for 11·5% (8·4–14·5) of cardiovascular deaths. High fasting plasma glucose, body-mass index, and systolic blood pressure were all leading risk factors for CKD DALYs. Interpretation CKD is a major global health issue, with rising prevalence and increasing importance as a cause of death and as a risk factor for cardiovascular death. A better understating of aetiology, appropriate screening, and implementation programmes are needed to translate advances in CKD treatment into improved patient outcomes. Funding Gates Foundation, Wellcome, US National Kidney Foundation, and US National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.
Open Access: Yes
Process synthesis considering sustainability for both normal and non-normal operations: P-graph approach
Publication Name: Journal of Cleaner Production
Publication Date: 2023-08-15
Volume: 414
Issue: Unknown
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
Process synthesis usually determines the normal operation of the process. In addition to the cost, recently, sustainability has also become essential in selecting the process. In case of failures of some redundant operating units of the process, it may still be operational as a non-normal operation. This work shows that the sustainability performance of a process in non-normal operation can be much worse than that of the normal case. Consequently, during process synthesis, it is essential to consider the sustainability of a process for both normal and non-normal operations. The current work is the first in offering synthesis of a process network taking into account a pre-specified limit of the process sustainability indicator for both normal and non-normal modes. This synthesis procedure is formulated in a general way, to interface with any sustainability indicator, expressed as a scalar, here Sustainable Process Index has been used in the case studies. The presented method is illustrated on two case studies to showcase the capability of synthesizing processes for multiple operation. The obtained results indicate that it is possible to simultaneously reduce environmental impact and process cost by more than 20%, by appropriate modification of the operating modes.
Open Access: Yes
The Effect of Rectangle Shaped Cutouts of Corrugated Paperboard Packages on Compressive Strength of Boxes
Publication Name: Advances in Transdisciplinary Engineering
Publication Date: 2024-01-01
Volume: 59
Issue: Unknown
Page Range: 81-87
Description:
Corrugated paperboard boxes are widely used as packaging in logistics processes. Corrugated boxes must have adequate strength to ensure proper protection of the product. In many cases, the product will require cutouts in the side walls of the boxes. These significantly affect the strength behavior of the box which can be determined by measurements and various models. The aim of this study is to determine the compressive strength of corrugated cardboard boxes of different sizes and different rectangle shaped cutouts formed on them. Five different box dimensions and five different cutout rates were investigated. Box compression tests were carried out to obtain the compression force result of the boxes. The results of these measurements were compared with the box compression force estimation formulas. Two types of McKee formula were used for the comparison that are commonly used in industry. The complete and the simplified McKee formulas are the used models in this study. The constant parameters for both McKee formulas was calculated for each cutout rates. For higher cutout ratios the accuracy of both the simplified and the complete McKee formula increases. In three groups at 0%, 4% and 16% cutouts the fitted complete and simplified McKee formulas predict the BCT results with significant differences. It can be observed that neither the complete nor the simplified McKee formula is able to account for changes in compression force due to variations in box size for any cutout category.
Open Access: Yes
DOI: 10.3233/ATDE240530
The Environmental and Global Impact of Pharmacogenomics: Advancing Green Pharmacy Toward Sustainable and Inclusive Precision Medicine
Publication Name: Journal of Personalized Medicine
Publication Date: 2026-04-01
Volume: 16
Issue: 4
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
Traditional one size fits all pharmacotherapy often yields suboptimal clinical outcomes, preventable adverse drug reactions (ADRs), and significant drug waste, imposing substantial economic and ecological burdens on healthcare systems. This review evaluates the transformative potential of pharmacogenomics (PGx) testing, particularly cytochrome P450 (CYP) gene variants, as a foundation for an ecosystem-centric accountability framework for green pharmacy and links human metabolic variability to specific environmental outcomes. Personalized CYP profiling is shown to minimize the environmental release of unused drugs and potentially ecotoxic metabolites into aquatic ecosystems, in contrast to standard uniform drug use approaches. The limitations of ethnicity-based dosing models, which rely on population genetic variation, are examined in the context of increasing global genetic admixture. It is argued that individual genetic profiling, conceptualized as a PGx-Green Passport, provides a reliable safety standard that accounts for individual differences, thereby enhancing efficiency and well-being in a globalized society. By integrating clinical data, including real-world evidence on hospital utilization, with sustainability frameworks, this review demonstrates that PGx-guided therapy is not only a tool for clinical efficiency but also a fundamental requirement for systematically achieving environmentally sustainable healthcare.
Open Access: Yes
DOI: 10.3390/jpm16040183
An expert-driven digital platform for decision support in sustainable building retrofitting
Publication Name: Energy and Buildings
Publication Date: 2026-02-01
Volume: 352
Issue: Unknown
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
This study introduces an expert-guided decision-support platform developed to improve the selection of building retrofit measures for energy efficiency. The platform addresses a key gap in existing tools by combining expert input with systematic decision logic, offering a more transparent and adaptable approach to retrofit planning. Unlike simulation-based or policy-orientated systems, this platform focuses on supporting real-world decisions at the property level. It allows for both general (global) and building-specific configurations, giving users the flexibility to define and adjust decision criteria based on retrofit needs. A three-phase analytical workflow supports users via assigning expert importance, classifying assessment criteria, and deciding on a ranking method. The strategy combines data-driven and expert-based weighing methodologies, resulting in balanced and context-aware outputs. The system includes an explainable AI module that generates editable reasons for final recommendations, allowing stakeholders to better understand and discuss decisions. The platform’s efficacy was demonstrated through a case study of a mid-terrace house, showing strong potential for supporting consistent, stakeholder-informed, and auditable retrofit decisions. This work contributes a flexible and scalable solution of practical value to planners, housing authorities, and retrofit consultants.
Open Access: Yes
