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Found 6412 publications

Nitrogen recovery from wastewater and human urine with hydrophobic gas separation membrane: experiments and modelling

Andras Jozsef Toth J. Nagy Juho Kaljunen

Publication Name: Chemical Papers

Publication Date: 2019-08-01

Volume: 73

Issue: 8

Page Range: 1903-1915

Description:

In agriculture, the human urine could have been used as a natural fertilizer, although there are some problems with the direct utilization, such as the presence of micropollutants in urine, odour and storage of large volume of urine. Therefore, nutrients, such as nitrogen, can be recovered from urine. Continuous flow laboratory membrane reactor was built to investigate nitrogen recovery from wastewater and from human urine. Membrane gas separation method has not been investigated for ammonia recovery from human urine yet. Nitrogen as ammonia gas was recovered in acid using Zeus Aeos™ ePTFE gas-permeable hydrophobic membrane. Acid flux, operating pH, hydraulic retention time and effective membrane surface were experimentally determined. The aim of this work was to verify wastewater experiments in professional flowsheet environment, rigorously modelled with ChemCAD and optimized by dynamic programming optimization method: the membrane separation. Such nitrogen recovery membrane separation has not been published in this professional flowsheet environment yet. The objective function of the process is the ammonia harvesting efficiency. Eighty-five percentage ammonia harvesting efficiency can be reached with 60 membrane surface area/reactor volume ratio, at 35 °C feed temperature with 350 L/m2h acid and in 8 h’ hydraulic retention time. It can be stated that this separation method is based on physical phenomena without any biological factors. The focus for nitrogen treatment in a wastewater treatment plant is removal instead of recovery. It can be determined that this system is capable for the nitrogen recovery from wastewater, and it can reduce the ammonia content of human urine too.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1007/s11696-019-00740-x

Mechanics and energetics, the complex analysis of an industrial problem with the tools of up-to-date computer methods

I. Zsenak J. Egert F. Zsenak

Publication Name: Proceedings of the Conference on Mechanical Engineering

Publication Date: 1998-12-01

Volume: 2

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 805-810

Description:

The arc furnaces are widely used to melt different kind of materials on high temperature. In the steel and the aluminum factories the so-called gurgling type Heroult furnaces are used. The shell's geometry an the used arc's parameters are the function of the local expectations. The most of the arcs agree on that the water taking up released heat during the melting goes out to channels or cooling towers, leaving the energy non-utilized.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: DOI not available

Microalgae–bacteria interaction: a catalyst to improve maize (Zea mays L.) growth and soil fertility

Zoltán Molnár Tibor Janda Lamnganbi Mutum Wogene Kabato

Publication Name: Cereal Research Communications

Publication Date: 2025-06-01

Volume: 53

Issue: 2

Page Range: 1037-1049

Description:

Biofertilisers harbouring living organisms hold allure due to their prospective favourable influence on plant growth, coupled with a diminished environmental footprint and cost-effectiveness in contrast to conventional mineral fertilisers. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the capacity of a specific microalga (MACC-612, Nostoc linckia) biomass and plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) separately and together to improve crop growth and promote soil health. The research used a factorial design within a completely randomised block framework, featuring four replications for three consecutive years across different fields. The experiment utilised three levels of microalga (control, 0.3 g/L of N. linckia, MACC-612, and 1 g/L of N. linckia, MACC-612) and three levels of bacterial strains (control, Azospirillum lipoferum and Pseudomonas fluorescens). The result demonstrated that the use of N. linckia and PGPB separately or jointly as soil treatment resulted in a substantial improvement in chlorophyll, plant biomass, soil humus, and nitrogen, depending on the environmental conditions of the years. The combined use of N. linckia and PGPB results in an improvement in dry leaf weight by 35.6–107.3% at 50 days after sowing (DAS) and 29.6–49.8% at 65 DAS, compared to the control group. Furthermore, the studies show that the synergistic application of N. linckia at 0.3 g/L, in conjunction with A. lipoferum, significantly improved total nitrogen and (NO3− + NO2−)-nitrogen, registering increases of 20.7–40% and 27.1–59.2%, respectively, during the study period. The most effective synergistic combination was identified through the application of 0.3 g/L of N. linckia along with A. lipoferum. Hence, application of biofertilisers through synergistic combinations of two or more microorganisms, such as microalgae and bacteria, holds promise in improving crop chlorophyll, growth, and soil nitrogen.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1007/s42976-024-00558-8

Simulation of Two-Dimensional supersonic flows on emulated-digital CNN-UM

Sándor Kocsárdi Zoltán Nagy Árpád Csík Péter Szolgay

Publication Name: Eurasip Journal on Advances in Signal Processing

Publication Date: 2009-04-09

Volume: 2009

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is the scientific modeling of the temporal evolution of gas and fluid flows by exploiting the enormous processing power of computer technology. Simulation of fluid flow over complex-shaped objects currently requires several weeks of computing time on high-performance supercomputers. A CNN-UM-based solver of 2D inviscid, adiabatic, and compressible fluids will be presented. The governing partial differential equations (PDEs) are solved by using first- and second-order numerical methods. Unfortunately, the necessity of the coupled multilayered computational structure with nonlinear, space-variant templates does not make it possible to utilize the huge computing power of the analog CNN-UM chips. To improve the performance of our solution, emulated digital CNN-UM implemented on FPGA has been used. Properties of the implemented specialized architecture is examined in terms of area, speed, and accuracy.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1155/2009/923404

Local Binary Pattern-Based Fingerprint Matching

Péter Földesi Boldizsár Tüu-Szabó Gabor Kovacs Laszlo T. Koczy Szilvia Nagy

Publication Name: Studies in Computational Intelligence

Publication Date: 2022-01-01

Volume: 959

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 183-188

Description:

In this paper we propose an image-based fingerprint recognition system. The method is based on Local Binary Pattern features extracted from the region of the fingerprint image around the core point. The experiments on the FVC2002 fingerprint databases show the effectiveness of the proposed approach.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-74970-5_21

Novel Methods of FCM Model Reduction

Miklós F. Hatwágner Laszlo T. Koczy

Publication Name: Studies in Computational Intelligence

Publication Date: 2022-01-01

Volume: 955

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 101-112

Description:

Fuzzy Cognitive Maps are widely applied to support decision making tasks. It is often hard for experts to create the model of a system that provides the required accuracy but simple enough to easily use in practice. In general, it is better to create complex models first, because they can be computationally reduced later until they preserve the required accuracy but become simple enough. Two novel Fuzzy Cognitive Map reduction methods based on K-Means and Fuzzy C-Means clustering are suggested in order to generate simplified models that hopefully mimic the behavior of the original model better than the already existing methods. After the quick overview of the existing techniques found in literature, a simple and a complex model of a real-life problem are reduced to varying degrees with the suggested new methods and with an existing one. The first results of the comparison are published in this paper, too.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-88817-6_12

Improving Material Tracking for Sustainable Construction: A Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) Framework for Resource Efficiency

Francisco Silva Pinto Rana Ahmad Maya Dema Munef Ahmad Hummam Mohammed Shaheen Talal Ahmad Al-Shihabi László Gáspár

Publication Name: Buildings

Publication Date: 2025-06-01

Volume: 15

Issue: 11

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Inefficient material tracking continues to be a major challenge in sustainable construction, often leading to unnecessary waste, budget overruns, and project delays. While many digital tools have been introduced in recent years, there is still a lack of practical, field-tested frameworks that combine these technologies with clear, structured procedures, especially in resource-constrained environments. This study introduces a Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) framework designed to improve materials tracking systems (MTSs) by integrating QR codes, GPS tracking, and cloud-based dashboards. Together, these tools support more accurate planning, smoother coordination, and real-time monitoring from the early design stages to on-site implementation. A mixed-methods approach was used, combining surveys with construction professionals and focus group discussions with engineers, IT specialists, and logistics staff. The findings highlight procurement and implementation as the phases most prone to inefficiencies, particularly around material receiving, quality checks, and on-site placement. The validated SOP framework shows strong potential to improve tracking accuracy, reduce material waste, and streamline construction workflows. It offers a flexible, easy-to-use system for integrating sustainability into everyday project practices. Looking ahead, this study also points to future opportunities for applying AI-based tools—such as predictive tracking and automated quality checks—to further improve decision-making and resource efficiency in construction projects.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/buildings15111941

Anthropometric and Physiological Characteristics of Young Elite Hungarian Motocross Riders in Motocross Competitions

Ferenc Ihász Robert Podstawski István Barthalos László Suszter László Kerner Zsolt Katona Bálint

Publication Name: Physical Activity Review

Publication Date: 2024-01-01

Volume: 12

Issue: 1

Page Range: 47-58

Description:

Background: Motocross riders’ performance is highly dependent on the characteristics of the motorcycles and the skills of the riders, and the actual environmental conditions. This study aims to describe the differences in anthropometric and physiological characteristics between internationally ranked adolescent males and nationally ranked motorcross (MX) peer competitors; Methods: Data obtained from young riders (n=14) were divided into internationally ranked G1 (n=5) and - nationally ranked G2 (n=9) young MX riders. We determined body composition and cardiorespiratory variables, and measured heart rate and movement-related data with Polar Team Pro system during the race; (3) Results: Blood lactate concentrations were evaluated before and after the race session. MX riders with an international ranking performed significantly better during both races (R1 and R2), which manifested itself in significantly shorter times per lap on average (difference for R1=14.8 s and for R2=16.7 s, respectively, p=0.017), more laps completed (G1 vs G2 approx.: 11.2: 9.9 laps for R1 and R2, p=0.019) and points scored (difference: R1=9.3 pts and R2=9.0 pts, p=0.014). There were no statistically significant differences in age between the two compared groups (p=0.559) and other anthropometric and physiological characteristics tested, with an exception of muscle mass percent (p<0.001); Conclusions: Current results showed that motocross probably places a heavy burden on riders, who need to be fit enough to maintain their position in the field.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.16926/par.2024.12.05

Financial Supervision for the Green Transition: Comparative Insights From the EU, Hungary, and Singapore

András Lapsánszky Gábor Hulkó János Kálmán

Publication Name: Thunderbird International Business Review

Publication Date: 2026-05-01

Volume: 68

Issue: 3

Page Range: 357-366

Description:

This paper examines how financial supervisory authorities integrate Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) objectives into their regulatory mandates amid the accelerating green transition. It aims to understand how institutional variation shapes supervisory strategies for sustainable finance. The study employs a qualitative, comparative case study design across three jurisdictions: the European Union, Hungary, and Singapore. Drawing on regulatory theory and document analysis, this study identifies the key institutional logics, instruments, and governance mechanisms through which ESG considerations are embedded in financial supervision. The analysis reveals three supervisory models: the EU's rule-based legal harmonization through taxonomy and disclosure mandates, Hungary's responsive approach led by the central bank using soft tools and innovation, and Singapore's principle-based framework emphasizing strategic guidance and market collaboration. These pluralistic pathways highlight that ESG integration is shaped by legal mandates, legitimacy concerns, and adaptive governance. This study provides insights to policymakers and supervisors seeking to align financial oversight with sustainability objectives. This emphasizes the importance of institutional flexibility, regulatory legitimacy, and hybrid governance in designing effective ESG supervision frameworks. This study contributes to the literature on sustainable finance and regulatory governance by offering a comparative perspective on how financial supervision evolves in response to ESG risks. It advances a novel typology of supervisory models that can inform future regulatory design and policy debates.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1002/tie.70039