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Found 6412 publications

The utilization of struvite produced from human urine in agriculture as a natural fertilizer: A review

Anna Mikola Surendra K. Pradhan A. Zseni J. Nagy

Publication Name: Periodica Polytechnica Chemical Engineering

Publication Date: 2019-05-15

Volume: 63

Issue: 3

Page Range: 478-484

Description:

Most of the nutrients in municipal wastewater originate from urine. Nevertheless, chemical fertilizers are commonly used in the agriculture instead of urine. There are some problems related to the direct utilization of urine, such as micropollutants present in urine, odour and storage of large volume of urine. In wastewater, phosphorus may contribute significantly to the pollution of the aquatic systems. Therefore, wastewater treatment techniques are mainly focusing on removing phosphorus. Phosphorus is collected in the sludge either by a chemical or by a biological process. With the growing concern of micropollutants present, which are in the sludge, the use of sludge in agriculture has been gradually decreasing. It means that the phosphorus content in sludge is not recycled efficiently whereas the use of limited mineral phosphorus resources is growing. To overcome these issues, urine could be collected separately and struvite could be produced. This may recover about 90% of phosphate in urine. In this paper, the use of human urine and struvite as a fertilizer in the agriculture and the production of struvite is discussed. Results showed that the struvite could be an effective natural fertilizer.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3311/PPch.12689

Validity of a 2-km Walk Test in predicting the maximal oxygen uptake in moderately active Hungarian men

Géza Zakariás R. Laukkanen M. Petrekanits

Publication Name: European Journal of Sport Science

Publication Date: 2003-12-01

Volume: 3

Issue: 1

Page Range: 1-8

Description:

The present study examined whether prediction models based on the 2-km UKK Walk Test (UWT) are valid for predicting the maximal oxygen uptake or maximal aerobic power (VO2max) in moderately active Hungarian men. Eightyseven 24-62 year old, non-athletic, sedentary or moderately physically active men were studied. Maximal aerobic power was measured in a maximal uphill walk exercise test on a treadmill. The walking tests were performed on a 400-m outdoors athletic track. The subjects walked 2 km (5 laps) as briskly as they could. VO2max was predicted with the formula as established in the original development study of the UWT. The total error of prediction and the correlation coefficient between the laboratory measured and UWT predicted VO2max (ml · kg-1 · min-1) were 4.6 and 0.85. The Bland-Altman analysis showed a good agreement between the methods, with the mean error of prediction 0.05 ml · kg-1 · min-1. The results verify that the UWT can be used as a reasonably valid test for predicting maximal aerobic power in Hungarian men. © 2002 by Human Kinetics Publishers and the European College of Sport Science.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1080/17461390300073104

On the statistics of ELM filaments measured by fast low field side wall Langmuir probes on TCV

M. Berta G. Veres R. Pitts O. E. Garcia A. Bencze

Publication Name: 34th Eps Conference on Plasma Physics 2007 Eps 2007 Europhysics Conference Abstracts

Publication Date: 2007-12-01

Volume: 31

Issue: 2

Page Range: 820-823

Description:

No description provided

Open Access: Yes

DOI: DOI not available

Implementation of genetic based individualization of White stork (Ciconia ciconia) in forensic casework

Petra Zenke Gabor Kovacs Zsolt Pádár Balázs Egyed

Publication Name: Forensic Science International Genetics

Publication Date: 2019-05-01

Volume: 40

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: e245-e247

Description:

No description provided

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.fsigen.2019.02.001

Genetic factors underlying the susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection and severe COVID-19

András Bors Zsolt Matula Miklós Bacskai Hajnalka Andrikovics Zoltán Orfi István Vályi-Nagy Dóra Csabán Attila Gyenesei Ferenc Uher

Publication Name: Orvosi Hetilap

Publication Date: 2025-05-04

Volume: 166

Issue: 18

Page Range: 679-696

Description:

The clinical manifestations of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) are highly variable, ranging from asymptomatic cases to life-threatening complications and death. Severe disease progression is more common in older individuals and males, as well as in the presence of various comorbidities. Beyond these risk factors, the intrinsic characteristics of the virus and the host genetic factors also contribute to the heterogeneous clinical course of COVID-19. Genetic research is fundamental in understanding the biological mechanisms underlying congenital diseases, identifying the genes and proteins responsible for the susceptibility to various inherited conditions, recognizing therapeutically relevant targets, suggesting drug repurposing, and clarifying causal relationships for modifiable environmental risk factors. Although these studies typically take a long time to conduct, especially to translate their findings into clinical practice, the scientific community has swiftly uncovered genetic signals underlying the diverse COVID-19 phenotypes. In this review, in addition to a concise summary of SARS-CoV-2 recognition and the initial steps of the immune responses, we aim to provide an overview of the literature concerning the genetic factors associated with susceptibility to the disease and its severe progression. We also review the pioneering research in identifying the affected genes and the most significant genome-wide association studies, covering both common and rare genetic variants, which have greatly contributed to understand the etiology of the disease and have guided effective COVID-19 treatment during the most challenging times.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1556/650.2025.33280

The mechanical and the geometrical state of railway vehicle carriages

Lajos Borbás László Bozóky Vince Nagy

Publication Name: Proceedings 25th Danubia Adria Symposium on Advances in Experimental Mechanics Das 2008

Publication Date: 2019-01-01

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 181-182

Description:

No description provided

Open Access: Yes

DOI: DOI not available

Integral assessment of the sustainable development of agriculture in Ukraine

Laszlo Vasa Valeriy Zhuk Oleh Sokil

Publication Name: Economic Annals Xxi

Publication Date: 2018-09-03

Volume: 170

Issue: 3-4

Page Range: 15-21

Description:

Introduction. An integrated assessment of the accounting and analytical supplying indicators for the sustainable development of agricultural enterprises is the basis and starting point for the development of methodical and methodological background for the compilation of non-financial or expanded financial reports supplemented by social and environmental data of agricultural enterprises' external and internal activities. The purpose of the article is to develop a cross-functional procedure for the integrated assessment of accounting indicators and analytical support of the sustainable development of agriculture at the micro and macro levels. Methods. As a methodological basis of the study, the authors use the provisions of the statistical and structural system along with comparative analysis, as well as theories of agriculture growth. Results. The need to use componential methodology for managing agricultural sustainable development is emphasised in the article. The relevant indicators are obtained in accordance with clear economic, environmental and social objectives and realistic requirements for data collection and calculations. After a detailed study of the methods for assessing the sustainable development of agriculture, we propose a diagnostic technique based on two methods. The first method involves the quantitative parameters of the development index and scores of economic, environmental and social factors. The second is based on the intuitive approach, in the situation where it is impossible to take into account impacts of many factors due to object complications, including social indicators of sustainable development. The authors of the article propose a number of indicators characterising the economic, ecological and social component of the management system for a comprehensive calculation of the agriculture sustainable development integral index. Conclusions. The results of our analysis allow elucidating the advantages of the method of indicator standardisation for the integral indicator of agriculture sustainable development. The choice and justification of the indicators to characterise certain elements of sustainable development, i.e. economic, social and environmental elements, is the basis for an integral assessment of the level of sustainable development of agriculture in Ukraine. The importance of this method lies in its simplicity, unification, harmonisation and universality, which is achieved by using two completely different levels and objects of research: for the local level - the level of agricultural enterprises, and the unrestricted level, which is the level of the district, region or country. The purpose of the developed methodology is to determine the integral indicator of agricultural sustainable development without attracting additional knowledge and skills from the researcher in the presence of the necessary primary data. The calculations show that Ukraine there are three relevant groups in Ukraine: most regions of Ukraine have a medium level of the integral indicator of agriculture sustainable development; three regions in the western part of Ukraine (Ivano-Frankivsk, Chernivtsi, Zakarpattia) have a low level, while a capital Kyiv region has a level which is higher than the average level.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.21003/ea.V170-03

Evaluating Fiscal and Monetary Policy Coordination Using a Nash Equilibrium: A Case Study of Hungary

Eszter Kazinczy Mehran Amini Sara Salimi Tatay Tibor

Publication Name: Mathematics

Publication Date: 2025-05-01

Volume: 13

Issue: 9

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Effective coordination between fiscal and monetary policy is crucial for macroeconomic stability, yet achieving it presents significant challenges due to differing objectives and institutional setups. This study evaluates the strategic interaction between fiscal and monetary authorities in Hungary from 2013 to 2023, employing the Nash equilibrium framework under the assumption of non-cooperative behavior. By modeling the authorities as independent players optimizing distinct payoff functions based on key economic indicators (interest rates, government spending, inflation, output gap, fiscal deficit, and public debt), the analysis estimates the best response strategies and computes the resulting Nash equilibrium. The key findings reveal persistent deviations between actual policies and the computed equilibrium strategies. Specifically, actual fiscal policy was consistently more expansionary (average actual deficit −2.6% to 7.6% GDP vs. equilibrium recommendations ranging from 8.5% surplus to −3.0% deficit) than the Nash equilibrium indicated, particularly during periods of economic growth. Monetary policy often lagged in equilibrium recommendations, maintaining low interest rates (e.g., 0.9% actual vs. 11.5% equilibrium in 2019) before implementing sharp increases (13% actual vs. approx. 3.5–3.8% equilibrium in 2022–2023) that significantly overshot the equilibrium. These misalignments underscore potential suboptimal outcomes arising from independent policymaking, contributing to increased public debt and heightened inflationary pressures in the Hungarian context. This study highlights the potential benefits of aligning policies closer to mutually consistent strategies, suggesting that improved coordination frameworks could enhance macroeconomic stability, offering insights relevant to Hungary and similar economies.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/math13091427

Simulation Model Based Response Management Related to Railway (Earthquake) Disaster

Daniel Rohacs Anita Boros Sergey Kinzhikeyev József Rohács

Publication Name: Periodica Polytechnica Civil Engineering

Publication Date: 2022-01-01

Volume: 66

Issue: 1

Page Range: 40-49

Description:

Railway system as part of the general transportation system is a strategic element that supports the economy and the society. Its role is continuously rising with rapid industrialization, urbanization, and changes in the society expectations regarding sustainable systems. New and emerging technologies call and permit the augmentation of the railway systems’ disaster management. This paper deals with the development of an improved response management concept related to railways’ damage, caused by earthquakes. The paper synthetizes the latest technologies, engineering, and management methods in one improved response management system. After the concept inspiration, the paper describes the applicable novel models and introduces an improved response management being developed for railway systems, damaged by earthquakes. The concept is verified in simulation. The novelty includes a new approach in the identification of the critical infrastructure, the risk assessment, the prediction of aftershocks and the recursive application of the adaptive Markov process to the simulation supporting the response management concept.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3311/PPci.17578