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Found 6273 publications

Simulation of the Water Balance of a Green/Blue Roof Supporting an Ecological Cycle

Melinda Menyhártné Baracskai Ádám Hadas-Rapi Béla Író

Publication Name: Strojnicky Casopis

Publication Date: 2024-05-01

Volume: 74

Issue: 1

Page Range: 83-90

Description:

In our article, we set out the inspection of the control shafts of the green or blue roof drainage equipment aim. The height of the water formed on the roof through the differently shaped holes on the devices we want to specify the amount of water flowing through per unit of time. In the first case, the water level is constant, and in the second, the height of the water decreases or increases continuously.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.2478/scjme-2024-0009

The dilemma of water, food, and greener energy nexus: A novel context of COP27 for G20 economies

Waldemar Tarczyński Grzegorz Mentel Kang He Irum Shahzadi Salahuddin Khan

Publication Name: Land Degradation and Development

Publication Date: 2024-05-30

Volume: 35

Issue: 9

Page Range: 2993-3006

Description:

In the contemporary world, achieving sustainable food production has become an urgent task for the international community and policymakers due to the rapidly growing social challenges of mankind. Sustainable food production practices aid countries in adapting to the challenges posed by climate change, thereby ensuring a better and more sustainable future for all. This study examines the impact of land use, energy efficiency (ENE), water productivity (WP), renewable energy consumption (REC), and gross domestic product (GDP) on sustainable food production in G20 nations over the period of 1998–2020. We use quantile regression approaches to capture potential heterogeneity across various food value-added distribution quantiles. The results show that arable land, WP, GDP, ENE, and REC are important factors affecting food value added in G20 nations. However, the nature of the relationship varies across different quantiles, suggesting heterogeneity in the relationships. The results show that ENE, renewable energies, and GDP are positively related to food production. However, arable land and WP are negatively related to food production. The findings can assist policymakers and stakeholders in making informed decisions to increase value added in the agricultural sector while promoting resilience and sustainability.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1002/ldr.5110

Enhancing seismic assessment and risk management of buildings: A neural network-based rapid visual screening method development

O. Kegyes-Brassai Nurullah Bektaş

Publication Name: Engineering Structures

Publication Date: 2024-04-01

Volume: 304

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Some of the existing buildings are designed based on lower design standards or even without considering seismic design standards. Recent earthquakes have further highlighted the vulnerability of these buildings when subjected to severe seismic activity. Consequently, it has become imperative to conduct seismic vulnerability assessments of the existing building stock. Therefore, the assessment of the existing building stock is required through the utilization of Rapid Visual Screening (RVS) methods. However, the existing conventional RVS methods used in seismic building assessments have shown limited accuracy. Furthermore, because these methods were developed based on expert opinions and/or due to access limitations to detailed assessment-based generated data used for their development, further enhancing them is challenging. To address these limitations, a new RVS method, which leverages Neural Networks (NN) and building-specific parameters, for reinforced concrete, adobe mud, bamboo, brick, stone, and timber buildings has been proposed in this study. Unlike conventional methods that rely on site seismicity class, the developed data-driven approach incorporates building-specific parameters such as the fundamental structural period and building spectral acceleration. The developed RVS method is specifically tailored to analyze diverse types of buildings in regions with varying seismicity risks, all in preparation for an impending earthquake. In this study, the developed RVS method demonstrated a promising 68% test accuracy, effectively representing the building performance against earthquakes. These findings illustrate the potential of the developed NN based RVS method in assessing existing buildings, thereby mitigating potential loss of life and property during imminent earthquake and alleviating the associated economic burden. Furthermore, this study introduces a new RVS method that can pave the way for future advancements in the field of seismic vulnerability assessment of existing buildings.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2024.117606

Euro area economic growth between 2010 and 2019 in the light of secular stagnation theory

Eszter Kazinczy Tatay Tibor

Publication Name: Public Finance Quarterly

Publication Date: 2023-09-29

Volume: 69

Issue: 3

Page Range: 72-88

Description:

Achieving economic growth remains an important issue for economic policy today. Growth in developed economies has slowed considerably in recent decades. In our study, we examine economic growth in the euro area between 2010 and 2019 in the light of secular stagnation theory. The concept of secular stagnation was developed by Hansen after the Great Depression of 1929-33. According to this theory, the causes of secular stagnation are low population growth and weak technological development. The concept was brought back into the economic discourse after 2010 by Summers. Following the 2008 crisis, euro area economies should have adjusted to a higher growth rate. Instead, growth remained below 2% for all but one year, below potential output for most of the decade. Investment rates have barely risen despite euro interest rates falling to near zero. The euro areas population barely grew despite a net migration surplus, putting a brake on employment growth. The available data suggest that neither employment growth nor productivity growth have boosted economic growth. The low level of economic growth and the evolution of the underlying factors are consistent with the theoretical assumptions described by Hansen and his followers.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.35551/PFQ_2023_3_4

Harnessing Blockchain to Transform Healthcare Data Management: A Comprehensive Research Agenda

Horst Treiblmaier Alex Norta Anjum Khurshid Abderahman Rejeb Mike Gault Jim Poteet Suresh Sivagnanam

Publication Name: Blockchain in Healthcare Today

Publication Date: 2024-05-02

Volume: 7

Issue: 1

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Properly managing healthcare data is a complex endeavor that must balance the requirements and interests of many stakeholders. In this paper, we present the findings from a panel discussion with healthcare professionals and academics, who elaborate on the current situation in healthcare data management as well as the future role that blockchain could play in this sector. Based on the findings of this panel, we structure the research field of healthcare data management and provide numerous avenues for future research. The outcome is a framework that highlights the important role of healthcare data and puts them into context. From a patient’s perspective, we specifically elaborate on trust and privacy as well as the expected benefits. Additionally, four important data aspects are identified: integrity, security, interoperability, and, finally, sharing and transfer. We also outline the importance of current problems and derive several relevant and timely research questions that build the foundation of a research agenda for blockchain-driven innovation in health-care data management. In summary, the framework will inform practitioners of blockchain’s potential in healthcare and structure the area for researchers, who are called upon to investigate the respective topics in greater detail.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.30953/bhty.v7.301

Determination of the health-protective effect of ancient cereals and one possibility of increasing their functionality

E. Lakatos Székelyhidi Rita Beatrix Sik Anna Márkus

Publication Name: Cereal Research Communications

Publication Date: 2024-03-01

Volume: 52

Issue: 1

Page Range: 247-253

Description:

This study aimed to examine the differences between the antioxidant capacity, and the total polyphenol content of the ancient grains namely Einkorn (Triticum monococcum L.) and Khorasan (Triticum turanicum) compared with wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), furthermore attempt to create a functional loaf enriched with rosemary (Salvia Rosmarinus Spenn.). To achieve this goal, 1, 3, and 5% of rosemary were added to the loafs made of Einkorn, Khorasan, and common wheat flour, and then the changes in their antioxidant and polyphenol content were examined. Based on the spectrophotometric results, it can be said that the type of wheat clearly affects the amount of the tested components. In all cases, the loafs made from common wheat contained the least amount of antioxidants (0.74 mg AAE/g) and polyphenols (0.41 mg GAE/g). On the other hand, Khorasan loaves showed outstanding values in terms of their antioxidant (0.89 mg AAE/g) and polyphenol (0.68 mg GAE/g) content. Einkorn loaves contained smaller amounts of the tested antioxidants (0.71 mg AAE/g) and polyphenols (0.51 mg GAE/g), but they were still better than common wheat loaves. The addition of rosemary can significantly increase the amount of compounds with an antioxidant effect in bakery products, but care must be taken to preserve the favorable organoleptic properties. It has been proven that ancient grains have a more positive physiological effect than common wheat, and the health-protective properties of bakery products can be increased by adding herbs. Graphical abstract: (Figure presented.)

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1007/s42976-023-00384-4

Sustainability accounting for greenhouse gas emissions measurement using the GREET LCA model: practical review of automotive ESG reporting

Árpád Tóth Alex Suta Péter Molnár

Publication Name: Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy

Publication Date: 2024-05-01

Volume: 26

Issue: 5

Page Range: 1631-1642

Description:

The production and personal use of passenger vehicles contribute significantly to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, making personal transport a major contributor. In response to increasing pressure from regulators and consumers to lower emissions, original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) have introduced alternative powertrains, such as battery electric vehicles (BEVs). To assess the economic and environmental feasibility of BEVs, OEMs conduct various life cycle assessment (LCA) approaches as part of their internal management practices. However, the public presentation of their results is often ambiguous and of unverifiable quality. This study conducts a review of sustainability impact reporting using the GREET model, which is based on the total vehicle life cycle. The paper provides a summary of the input data requirements for validating emissions from both the fuel and vehicle cycles as part of the proposed model. The availability of the model components was tested against actual public corporate environmental, social and governance reporting disclosures of the largest global automotive OEMs, indicating a deficit in the public presentation of essential sustainability information. The implications of the research suggest that LCA models could benefit sustainability accounting by incorporating proper tagging during accounting practices and taking advantage of digital accounting and reporting practices such as the extensible business reporting language (XBRL). By further developing the model, sustainability reporting can benefit from its structure and workflow, thus ensuring improved information validity for stakeholders. Graphical abstract: (Figure presented.)

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1007/s10098-023-02588-y

Impact of soil composition on maximum depth of wetting in expansive soils

Ammar N. Alnmr

Publication Name: Pollack Periodica

Publication Date: 2024-03-22

Volume: 19

Issue: 1

Page Range: 85-92

Description:

Expansive unsaturated soils present challenges in construction due to their moisture-induced behavior. This study proposes empirical equations to estimate the maximum wetting depth over time. Laboratory experiments and numerical analyses using SEEP/W software investigate wetting depth considering time and sand content in coastal and inland regions. Results reveal the significant influence of sand content on maximum soil moisture depth, emphasizing a recommended content above 30% to mitigate heave. The equations offer practical tools for assessing wetting depth, accounting for temporal and spatial variations. This research highlights the importance of wetting depth in addressing soil-related concerns and provides a foundation for further exploration of related factors.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1556/606.2023.00870

Ionic liquid binary mixtures: Machine learning-assisted modeling, solvent tailoring, process design, and optimization

Yang Lei Xiaodong Liang Xinyan Liu Yuqiu Chen Sulei Ma Rafiqul Gani Georgios M. Kontogeorgis

Publication Name: Aiche Journal

Publication Date: 2024-05-01

Volume: 70

Issue: 5

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

This work conducts a comprehensive modeling study on the viscosity, density, heat capacity, and surface tension of ionic liquid (IL)-IL binary mixtures by combining the group contribution (GC) method with three machine learning algorithms: artificial neural network, XGBoost, and LightGBM. A large number of experimental data from reliable open sources is exhaustively collected to train, validate, and test the proposed ML-based GC models. Furthermore, the Shapley Additive Explanations technique is employed to quantify the influential factors behind all the studied properties. Finally, these ML-based GC models are sequentially integrated into computer-aided mixed solvent design, process design, and optimization through an industrial case study of recovering hydrogen from raw coke oven gas. Optimization results demonstrate their high computational efficiency and integrability in solvent and process design, while also highlighting the significant potential of IL-IL binary mixtures in practical applications.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1002/aic.18392