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Found 6374 publications

First report of Xanthomonas arboricola on oleander

László Palkovics Anita Végh Attila FODOR

Publication Name: Phytopathologia Mediterranea

Publication Date: 2025-01-01

Volume: 64

Issue: 1

Page Range: 101-108

Description:

Nerium oleander L is a long-lasting flowering vegetatively propagated ornamental plant of the Mediterranean region, where it is a major imported flowering pot plant. Only a few bacteria can infect it such as Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. nerii, Agrobacterium tumefaciens and Xylella fastidiosa. Between 2018 and 2022 we collected several infected plant parts in our country. In 2020 we observed atypical symptoms on the leaves and stems, which were not clearly similar to the known bacterial infection of oleander. In our work, we aimed to identify the pathogen. The isolates formed yellowcoloured bacterial colonies on King-B and on YDC agar, were Gram-negative, oxidase negative and induced hypersensitive reaction on tobacco leaves. The biochemical properties were determined by API 20E and API 50CH tests. Brown necrosis was observed on oleander leaves in a pathogenicity test. Multilocus sequence analysis was used for molecular identification of the pathogen. Three housekeeping genes (gyrB, fyuA and rpoD) were amplified. According to symptoms, colony morphology, biochemical features, pathogenicity and molecular methods, the pathogen was identified as Xanthomonas arboricola. This is the first report of the plant pathogenic Xanthomonas spp. on oleander.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.36253/phyto-15575

Measurement Errors and Challenges in Sheet Metal Components When Using Digital Image Correlation (DIC) Systems †

Szabolcs Fischer Szabolcs Szalai Brigitta Fruzsina Szívós Vivien Nemes

Publication Name: Engineering Proceedings

Publication Date: 2025-01-01

Volume: 113

Issue: 1

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Digital Image Correlation systems are increasingly being used for non-contact measurement of deformation and strain in sheet metal components. However, the accuracy of such measurements can be significantly affected by various external and system-related factors. If these are not properly considered, substantial errors may be introduced. In this study, a short and longer flat sheet specimen were clamped in a vise to investigate how overhang and clamping stability influence the accuracy of the measured deformation fields. Two different measurement volumes were also evaluated to assess their effect on the results. These factors were evaluated through targeted experiments, and the resulting data were analyzed and interpreted. Based on the findings, recommendations were formulated to enhance the reliability of Digital Image Correlation measurements in both laboratory and industrial environments.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/engproc2025113035

Application of Spectroscopic Techniques in Heavy Metal Analysis for Meat Quality Assurance

Pavithra Hemachandra G. K.P. Hemachandra

Publication Name: Ceylon Journal of Science

Publication Date: 2025-01-01

Volume: 54

Issue: 2

Page Range: 507-514

Description:

Quality assurance is a critical aspect of human food. Meat is one of the major high-quality protein suppliers to the human body and plays an essential role in our daily meals. With industrialization, heavy metals became major food contaminants leading to serious health risks. FAAS (Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry), GFAAS (Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry), ICP-MS (Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry) and ICP-OES (Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry) are analytical methods that promise consumer safety by ensuring quality assurance of meat and meat products with their accurate and reliable analytical capacity. Their characteristics may vary with their theory of analysis and advancement of applied technology. Dry ashing, wet digestion, microwave-assisted digestion, and ultrasonic extraction like different sample preparation techniques or direct analysis after slurry preparation like simple sample preparation, are involved with spectroscopic analytical methods to prevent the sample matrix effect. These methods are validated based on parameters such as LOD (Limit of Detection), LOQ (Limit of Quantification), recovery %, relative standard deviation, and characteristic mass to ensure their reliability.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.4038/cjs.v54i2.8573

Control, Responsibility, Censorship: The Institutional Structure of Hungarian Press Regulation During the First World War – Within the Framework of the 1912 Act on Exceptional Powers

Roland Kelemen

Publication Name: Journal on European History of Law

Publication Date: 2025-01-01

Volume: 16

Issue: 2

Page Range: 133-140

Description:

This study explores the institutional structure of press regulation in Hungary during the First World War, with particular emphasis on there construction of jurisdictional and supervisory relationships. Rather than following a unified, hierarchical model, the wartime system operated through a complex, multi-actor network involving ministries, the Board of Military Supervision (HFB), the Press Subcommittee, prosecutorial authorities, military commands, and the Prime Minister’s Press Office. Drawing on archival sources and official reports, the analysis outline show actual control over the press was divided, how political, military, and judicial authorities exercised oversight, and how mechanisms such as the “three-hour censorship,” confidential notices, and objective prohibitions functioned in practice. Particular attention is paid to the fragmented and contingent nature of provincial press oversight, shaped by structural inconsistencies, linguistic limitations, and proximity to the front. Rather than relying on abstract theoretical frameworks, the article reconstructs the internal dynamics of exceptional legal regulation through the lens of everyday practice and applied legal logic.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: DOI not available

FATIGUE TOPOLOGY OPTIMIZATION UNDER CYCLIC LOADING FOR INNOVATIVE STRUCTURAL DESIGN

Majid Movahedi Rad Muayad Habashneh Géza Herczeg Gábor Erika Majid Movahedi Rad

Publication Name: Compdyn Proceedings

Publication Date: 2025-01-01

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 3389-3400

Description:

This study proposes a fatigue topology optimization approach for structural systems subjected to cyclic loading. Recognizing the impact of repeated loading on material endurance, the method incorporates fatigue considerations into the optimization process to enhance the durability and sustainability of load-bearing structures. By factoring in cyclic loading effects, this approach aims to reduce excessive material use while improving structural resilience, aligning with objectives for efficient and sustainable design. The proposed method is particularly useful in optimizing structural components in steel frameworks, where fatigue resistance and material efficiency are critical under dynamic loads. Emphasizing a balance between strength and durability, this study offers a practical tool for engineers aiming to design resilient structures that can endure cyclic stress without unnecessary material consumption. Furthermore, this framework is envisioned as a valuable solution for cyclic load environments, supporting more sustainable and resource-efficient engineering practices.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.7712/120125.12660.25045

Community transport experiences, in connection with diesel-LPG mixed operation buses belonging to the category of heavy vehicles

I. Lakatos

Publication Name: International Journal of Heavy Vehicle Systems

Publication Date: 2025-01-01

Volume: 32

Issue: 2

Page Range: 137-162

Description:

Various international literature sources and papers address the issue of the theoretical implementation of using liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) gas as catalyst material injected into the carburetor system of diesel engines and its positive impact on the characteristic features of the engine and its emission. In Europe, for example, Landi-Renzo, one of the biggest Italian companies dealing with traditional gas systems, is developing a compressed natural gas (CNG)-diesel system. The present paper outlines the operational characteristics of a diesel-LPG dual operating system based on our own experiments and measurements which have been carried out on the transformed buses of the Southern Transdanubian Transportation Centre (DDKK, Hungary). In the process of evaluation two aspects were taken into consideration: the impact on emission and that on fuel consumption. Of course, the tests can be extended to wider areas, which take into account both vehicle structures and the environment (Palkovics and El-Gindy, 1993; Palkovics et al., 1996; Shokouhfar et al., 2016).

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1504/IJHVS.2025.145131

Comparative Assessment of Carbon Capture Processes from the Perspective of Selection Criteria

András Torma Judit Pécsinger Anett Bedő Géza Köteles

Publication Name: Chemical Engineering Transactions

Publication Date: 2025-01-01

Volume: 121

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 121-126

Description:

The Paris Agreement of 2015 aims to keep the global average temperature increase below 2 °C above preindustrial levels and to limit warming to 1.5 °C if possible. The European Union has set ambitious targets (-55 % by 2030 and Net-Zero by 2050) to support the European Green Deal (EGD). To reach the goals by the deadlines, extensive pre- and post-source measures are necessary. This article focuses on post-source measures and seeks to identify, quantify, and evaluate the selection criteria of the applicability of carbon capture techniques. The specific energy demand (theoretical minimum work required to separate CO2 from a gaseous mixture) of a capture process can be derived from the first and second laws of thermodynamics. There are, however, other factors that can significantly influence the decision-making process for carbon capture from a given polluting source. The first criterion group is related to the 2nd law efficiency, i.e., the proportionality between theoretical minimum work and real energy demand that can be achieved in practice, while the second group covers the specific separation cost as a primary economic parameter. The research gives comprehensive insights into the different carbon capture methodologies and analyses their dependency on CO2 concentration, the presence of impurities, and operational conditions such as temperature and pressure. Based on the analysis outcomes, selection criteria are proposed to help match mature technologies (TRL 7–9) to specific gas compositions and industrial applications, primarily for process gases from power plants, chemical industries, and cement production, supporting more efficient and context-dependent implementation and the green transition.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3303/CET25121021

Shattered Foundations: How the War on Gaza Has Undermined Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure

Najla Trabelsi Zuhaib Bhat Abdo Hassoun Samer Abuzerr Abderahman Rejeb Toufik Ouatmani Mohammed Nijim

Publication Name: Sustainable Development Goals Series

Publication Date: 2025-01-01

Volume: Part F472

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 231-246

Description:

This chapter explores the devastating impact of repeated Israeli hostilities on Gaza, especially the recent war; October 2023–January 2025, on industry, innovation, and infrastructure in this region, focusing on the significant setbacks to achieving Sustainable Development Goal 9 (SDG 9). This brutal war has led to widespread destruction of critical infrastructure, including power plants, health facilities, and communication networks, crippling industrial activities and halting technological advancements. The destruction of manufacturing facilities and the scarcity of essential resources have severely limited production capabilities, leading to massive job losses and economic decline. Furthermore, the war has severely hindered the development of new technologies and innovations by destroying educational institutions and research centers, while restrictions on the import of technological equipment and resources have further exacerbated these challenges, limiting access to tools necessary for advancement and growth. Through detailed analysis of reports and scientific publications, this chapter highlights the urgent need for international intervention and support to rebuild industry and infrastructure in Gaza. This comprehensive examination of the impact of the war on Gaza industry, innovation, and critical infrastructure offers valuable insights into the broader challenges of achieving SDG 9 in conflict-affected regions.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-88500-6_15

Mirages and Illusions: The Prospects of Hungarian Imperial Ambitions during the Era of Dualism (1867–1918)

Balázs Pálvölgyi

Publication Name: Journal on European History of Law

Publication Date: 2025-01-01

Volume: 16

Issue: 2

Page Range: 69-78

Description:

Although the Hungarian political elite recognized that it is the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy which provided the country with a position of great power, from the 1890 s onwards there was a noticeable increase in independent Hungarian expansionist efforts. Among the complex reasons for this were the results of the Hungarian state’s modernization program, the economic development, and the emergence of a new elite of officials and politicians who had been socialised in the institutional system of Dualism, were au fait with the system, and were able to use it. The strengthening of Hungarian positions and the search for opportunities to assert the country’s interests within the common institutional system of Austria-Hungary, a series of economic policy measures, efforts to gain ground economically, mainly in the south-east, and, to a certain extent and in certain points, the goal of creating a Hungarian nation state emerged as means of achieving expansionist goals. Although the political elite could rightly feel that the country’s room for manoeuvre, weight, and ability to assert its interests within the Monarchy had increased, giving rise to a certain optimism, this proved to be a kind of optical illusion. It is true that Hungary’s clout within the Monarchy had increased, but the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy was steadily losing its importance compared to the other great powers, so the Hungarian elite could formulate its ambitious goals as a strengthening element of a weakening Empire.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: DOI not available