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Publications - 6342
ANALYSIS OF THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE FACTORS INFLUENCING THE UNEMPLOYMENT RATE: A COMPARISON OF THREE ASEAN COUNTRIES
Publication Name: Transformations in Business and Economics
Publication Date: 2024-01-01
Volume: 23
Issue: 3
Page Range: 345-361
Description:
Socio-economic issues, including inflation, business volatility, overcrowding, poverty, begging, and falling living conditions, are getting worse and worse every day in the modern day. Unemployment is one of the most hazardous and debilitating issues for any economy among such unfathomable issues. Unemployment is a term often used in macroeconomics to refer to the state of people of working age who have full working capacity and need to find a job but do not yet have one. The unemployment rate is an indicator that affects the economic development of a country, and governments often have to have the most effective unemployment rate management policies. The study focuses on inflation factors, including wages, economic growth, and education. Each country has different effects of the above factors on the unemployment rate. This study shows different conclusions across countries. For the overall population, through the analysis of a sample of all three countries, wage and education have a negative impact on the unemployment rate. This is essentially consistent with many other studies where an increase in wages leads to more workers entering the labour force. The studied countries are all major economies in Asia. For a country with a high growth rate like Vietnam, drivers such as increasing wages or boosting education clearly increase job opportunities and simultaneously reduce unemployment.
Open Access: Yes
DOI: DOI not available
Catalysing responsible production: Evaluating the impact of EPR system on manufacturing enterprises
Publication Name: Journal of International Studies
Publication Date: 2024-01-01
Volume: 17
Issue: 2
Page Range: 178-190
Description:
Responsible production has become increasingly vital in the global sustainability discourse, particularly in manufacturing. The extended producer responsibility (EPR) system is a critical policy mechanism that encourages manufacturers to reduce their environmental impact. Despite its growing significance, comprehensive studies assessing its effectiveness are sparse. Our research aims to address this gap by evaluating the influence of the EPR system on responsible production practices in European manufacturing enterprises. We employed the difference-in-differences (DiD) method to assess the impact, analysing panel data from 27 manufacturing enterprises across the Czech Republic, Poland, Slovakia, Romania, Estonia, Hungary, and Bulgaria, from 2010 to 2022. This method was chosen to mitigate endogeneity concerns. The results from the DiD analysis reveal a statistically significant positive impact of the EPR system on the circular material use rate, with an average increase of 10,5%. These findings indicate that the EPR system effectively enhances circular material use within the electronics manufacturing industry, a critical sector for advancing environmental sustainability.
Open Access: Yes
The Transformation of Digital Culture and Learning Habits in Higher Education, Digital Methods and Tools
Publication Name: Cando EPE 2024 Proceedings IEEE 7th International Conference and Workshop Obuda on Electrical and Power Engineering
Publication Date: 2024-01-01
Volume: Unknown
Issue: Unknown
Page Range: 109-113
Description:
The rise of digital culture has fundamentally changed the way people learn in higher education. Online platforms, digital learning materials and various e-Iearning tools have become commonplace, significantly changing traditional learning methods. Access to information for students has never been easier: online courses, interactive videos and webinars allow flexible and personalised learning. At the same time, learners are moving from being passive recipients to active participants, as the use of interactive content and collaborative learning tools becomes more widespread. Digital methods offer new ways of acquiring and processing knowledge. Tools such as virtual reality (VR), artificial intelligence (AI)-based tutors and gamification-enhanced learning systems increase motivation and allow for a more personalised approach to learning materials. Higher education institutions are also increasingly open to innovation, with the introduction of online learning platforms and hybrid teaching models gaining ground. Through this transformation, higher education is no longer limited to classroom learning but is becoming a global process in the digital space. Our article explores these issues using our concrete tacit knowledge and experiences from higher education courses.
Open Access: Yes
Mucosal healing effect of mesalazine granules in naproxen-induced small bowel enteropathy
Publication Name: World Journal of Gastroenterology
Publication Date: 2013-01-01
Volume: 19
Issue: 6
Page Range: 889-896
Description:
AIM: To investigate the effect of mesalazine granules on small intestinal injury induced by naproxen using capsule endoscopy (CE). METHODS: This was a single center, non-randomized, open-label, uncontrolled pilot study, using the PillCam SB CE system with RAPID 5 software. The Lewis Index Score (LIS) for small bowel injury was investigated to evaluate the severity of mucosal injury. Arthropathy patients with at least one month history of daily naproxen use of 1000 mg and proton pump inhibitor co-therapy were screened. Patients with a minimum LIS of 135 were eligible to enter the 4-wk treatment phase of the study. During this treatment period, 3 × 1000 mg/d mesalazine granules were added to ongoing therapies of 1000 mg/d naproxen and 20 mg/d omeprazole. At the end of the 4-wk combined treatment period, a second small bowel CE was performed to re-evaluate the enteropathy according to the LIS results. The primary objective of this study was to assess the mucosal changes after 4 wk of mesalazine treatment. RESULTS: A total of 18 patients (16 females), ranging in age from 46 to 78 years (mean age 60.3 years) were screened, all had been taking 1000 mg/d naproxen for at least one month. Eight patients were excluded from the mesalazine therapeutic phase of the study for the following reasons: the screening CE showed normal small bowel mucosa or only insignificant damages (LIS < 135) in five patients, the screening esophagogastroduodenoscopy revealed gastric ulcer in one patient, capsule technical failure and incomplete CE due to poor small bowel cleanliness in two patients. Ten patients (9 female, mean age 56.2 years) whose initial LIS reached mild and moderate-to-severe enteropathy grades (between 135 and 790 and ≥ 790) entered the 4-wk therapeutic phase and a repeat CE was performed. When comparing the change in LIS from baseline to end of treatment in all patients, a marked decrease was seen (mean LIS: 1236.4 ± 821.9 vs 925.2 ± 543.4, P = 0.271). Moreover, a significant difference between pre-and post-treatment mean total LIS was detected in 7 patients who had moderate-tosevere enteropathy gradings at the inclusion CE (mean LIS: 1615 ± 672 vs 1064 ± 424, P = 0.033). CONCLUSION: According to the small bowel CE evaluation mesalazine granules significantly attenuated mucosal injuries in patients with moderate-to-severe enteropathies induced by naproxen. © 2013 Baishideng. All rights reserved.
Open Access: Yes
Potential impacts of transatlantic trade negotiations on the eu environmental policy
Publication Name: Acta Juridica Hungarica
Publication Date: 2016-12-01
Volume: 57
Issue: 4
Page Range: 401-415
Description:
The current EU-US negotiations on the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP) may result in a comprehensive agreement which will be able to shape not only the traditional trade agenda but will cover a set of non-trade matters as well. Specifically, the environmental impacts as a matter of public concern are at the centre of attention of both the academia and the civil society. The proposed paper intends to analyse two aspects of the likely implications which could be triggered by the future transatlantic agreement. First, the policy level of the analysis is focusing on the question of how the contracting parties will integrate the environmental concerns into the agreement and how these concerns could be reconciled with the standard trade concerns and principles. Second, the TTIP could also have a direct impact on the environmental regulation; for this reason, the paper will also focus on the regulatory level. The paper concludes that a carefully planned agreement will not constrain the policy leeway of the EU in the field of the environmental protection, however, the EU negotiators have to pay very close attention to choosing the right models, methods and formulations in the future text of the agreement.
Open Access: Yes
Perception of multilevel factors for entrepreneurial innovation success: A survey of university students
Publication Name: Acta Oeconomica
Publication Date: 2020-12-01
Volume: 70
Issue: 4
Page Range: 615-632
Description:
Entrepreneurial innovation is a complex phenomenon. Experimenting with research designs that could claim some degree of generalizable linking between the individual and external influencing factors is challenging. However, progress even in research niches can contribute to a more structured understanding of the process. This article focuses on the first stages of entrepreneurial innovation, using a novel questionnaire design. Responses were collected from two Hungarian universities (147 and 127 responses, respectively) and analysed using Structural Equation Modelling. The results confirm that entrepreneurial innovation success in the early stage is shaped by macro-level factors, which have an influence on risk perception through locus of control. The paper makes two contributions, demonstrating (1) the possibility of using questionnaire survey for analysing multiple levels if the narrative is under control, and (2) how individual entrepreneurs approach the start of their innovation-based business, upon which personality and environmental factors both have significant impact.
Open Access: Yes
Determination of rail dilatation movements at tunnel gates for ballasted railway tracks in case of a greater change of temperature
Publication Name: Acta Technica Jaurinensis
Publication Date: 2026-05-27
Volume: 19
Issue: 2
Page Range: 137-154
Description:
The temperature change in continuously welded rail (CWR) tracks induces substantial internal stresses and shifts sleeper positions because the rails are longitudinally restrained from thermal expansion. This phenomenon is significantly intensified at tunnel portals, where a sharp contrast exists between the thermal boundary conditions of the open track and those of the sheltered tunnel environment. The current article investigates the dynamic interplay between rail dilatation and axial forces at these critical junctions by employing a finite-element (FE) model of the 54E1 rail track, calibrated using experimental measurements of track fastening parameters and ballast behavior. The research specifically examines the combined influence of temperature gradients between the tunnel and open environments, the bilinear longitudinal resistance of the ballast, and the mechanical braking loads exerted by passing trains. Through a series of parametric studies, the results demonstrate that simultaneous thermal and braking forces can trigger extreme rail displacements of up to 100 mm and axial forces of up to 1.4 MN. Notably, such high-stress states occur even when the ballast resistance is only 7 N/mm lower than the braking force. While increasing track fastening resistance helps equalize the impact of braking and thermal effects, it effectively reduces deflections to non-critical levels. The most severe stability risks are identified when the center of the braking zone aligns precisely with the portal. Ultimately, the study concludes that ballast resistance is the decisive factor in managing track integrity at tunnel entrances.
Open Access: Yes
Factors and Variables Shaping Generation Z’s Adoption of FinTech
Publication Name: Alternative Finance A Framework for Innovative and Sustainable Business Models
Publication Date: 2024-01-01
Volume: Unknown
Issue: Unknown
Page Range: 75-89
Description:
The digital age continues to redefine conventional financial paradigms, and Generation Z is at the forefront, navigating and influencing the trajectory of financial technology (FinTech) applications through their distinct attitudes, behaviors, and expectations. Gen Z is the new archetype and the new behavioral model. The behavioral intention to use FinTech services among Gen Z, explained by the inclusion of factors and in this way being an extension of financial theory, is the hot topic as this is still the beginning of learning the: Facilitating Conditions Intention (FCI), Attitude (A), Behavioral Intention (BI) that define the choices made by Gen Z. In a broader perspective, it is important to point out the main trends among Gen Z toward FinTech services and the conclusions of current research on them. These aspects make it particularly relevant to study the use of FinTech services, which can be done very effectively with social science analysis through structural models. The research presented in this chapter is both descriptive and exploratory, as it presents a theoretical framework that builds on previous research and includes contemporary perspectives based on new research findings.
Open Access: Yes
Optimal Plastic Design of Reinforced Concrete Structures: A State-of-the-Art Review from Steel Plasticity to Modern RC Applications
Publication Name: Buildings
Publication Date: 2026-05-01
Volume: 16
Issue: 10
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
Plastic design enables efficient structural systems by exploiting controlled inelastic deformation and force redistribution. While mature in steel structures due to stable ductility and well-defined yielding, its extension to reinforced concrete (RC) remains challenging because cracking, stiffness degradation, confinement dependency, and progressive damage govern deformation capacity and collapse mechanisms. This paper presents a state-of-the-art review of optimal plastic design methodologies for RC structures by tracing the evolution from classical plasticity theory to modern damage-informed, reliability-oriented, and sustainability-driven formulations. A systematic and structured literature review of more than 90 peer-reviewed journal articles (1990–2025) was conducted using Scopus, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect. The selected studies are classified by structural system type, plastic analysis approach, constitutive modeling strategy, and strengthening technique, including CFRP and hybrid fiber systems, optimization framework, and uncertainty treatment. The review highlights how nonlinear elasto-plastic and damage–plasticity models improve the prediction of plastic hinge development, redistribution, and failure-mode transitions, and how metaheuristic optimization, topology optimization, surrogate modeling, and machine learning are increasingly used to manage discrete design variables and computational cost. Reliability-based methods (e.g., FORM/SORM and simulation) are shown to be essential for quantifying deformation-capacity uncertainty and ensuring consistent collapse-prevention performance. A comparative assessment of nine plastic design methodologies is also provided, identifying their core assumptions, limitations, and domains of applicability within a structured evaluative framework. Remaining challenges include robust deformation-capacity prediction, reproducible calibration of damage models, and integration of life-cycle sustainability criteria within reliability-constrained plastic optimization. Future research directions are proposed toward multi-objective reliability-based design, durability-informed plastic modeling, and hybrid physics-informed AI-assisted workflows.
Open Access: Yes
