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Publications - 6374

Sensitivity analysis and optimization of pier shape scour prediction using HEC-RAS

Muhanad Al-Jubouri Ethar H. Abbas R. P. Ray

Publication Name: Pollack Periodica

Publication Date: 2025-06-27

Volume: 20

Issue: 2

Page Range: 8-15

Description:

Scour around bridge piers threatens bridge stability. This study uses the Hydrologic Engineering Center River Analysis System to improve depth estimates for various pier shapes. The Colorado State University and Froehlich equations were tested with a one-dimensional model calibrated for circular, square, rectangular, oblong, oval, and cylindrical piers. Sensitivity analysis identified coefficients K2, K3, flow velocity, and depth as key factors, with K2 being most significant. The Colorado State University equation overestimated scour depths, especially for square piers. The Froehlich method provided more accurate predictions, confirming the system’s value in hydraulic modeling for bridge stability analysis.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1556/606.2024.01211

Evaluating Sustainable Online Education: A Cross-Disciplinary Analysis of IT Device Utilization among Slovakian and Hungarian University Students

Ondrej Takáč Nóra Gombköto Iveta Štempeľová

Publication Name: Sustainability Switzerland

Publication Date: 2024-01-01

Volume: 16

Issue: 2

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

By the onset of the 21st century, online presence had become prevalent in higher education, with the COVID-19 pandemic further accelerating this trend. However, the success of online education and its assessment by students can differ significantly from region to region and according to the field of study. This can be influenced by students’ habits of using IT devices, but it can also occur the other way around. In this research, experiences related to online education were examined in the fields of Informatics, Agriculture and Pharmacy education at two higher-education institutions in Slovakia and one in Hungary, considering the environmental and social sustainability implications. In the study, in addition to simple statistical methods, a cross-tabulation analysis was carried out using Cramer’s V method. The results have shown that the students of the investigated institutions confidently navigate the online world; they are conscious users of IT tools without being addicted. A total of 74% of students in Mosonmagyaróvár believe they possess sufficient information about the risks associated with computers, mobile phones, and the Internet, whereas only 34% of students in Košice share the same sentiment. The reason for the differences between these characteristics can be attributed to the specialties of the different majors, and not to those arising from regional differences, raising important questions about the ecological sustainability of online education practices. A relatively great consistency can be observed in the assessment of online learning among students from the three institutions, with approximately 85% expressing overall satisfaction with the online learning experience. The easier availability of study materials and savings on travel are mentioned as advantages, contributing to economic sustainability. However, separation from their mates and the lack of practical training may be regarded as a disadvantage for them, as they seem to have a preference for face-to-face training. Overall, it may be concluded that purely online training in the fields of Informatics, Agriculture, and Pharmacy training is not feasible for the time being, necessitating a balanced and sustainable approach for the future.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/su16020699

Performance Comparison of Quantized Control Synthesis Methods of Antenna Arrays

David Pánek Tamas Orosz Hamid Keshmiri Neghab Deubauh Cedrick D. Gnawa Pavel Karban

Publication Name: Electronics Switzerland

Publication Date: 2022-04-01

Volume: 11

Issue: 7

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

There is a great potential in small satellite technology for testing new sensors, processes, and technologies for space applications. Antennas need careful design when developing a small satellite to establish stable communication between the ground station and the satellite. This work is motivated by the design of an antenna array for a future rotatorless base station for the VZLUSAT group of Czech nano-satellites. The realized antenna array must cover a relatively broad range of elevation and azimuth angles, and the control must be fast enough to track the satellite in low Earth orbits. The paper deals with possibilities of synthesis of quantized control of the antenna array. It compares quantization influence for well-known deterministic synthesis methods. It shows the method for decreasing computational cost of synthesis using optimization approach and presents the multi-criteria optimization as a tool for reaching required radiation pattern shape and low sensitivity to quantization at the same time.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/electronics11070994

Colour afterimages: Computing and measuring virtual colour perception provided by two display types

Lorinc Garai András Horváth

Publication Name: 11th IEEE International Conference on Cognitive Infocommunications Coginfocom 2020 Proceedings

Publication Date: 2020-09-23

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 109-114

Description:

Afterimages are common and frequent perceptual phenomena of everyday life. When looking into a bright light source compared to environment and suddenly turning the eyes away from it, the illusionary image of the light source remains in perception, for a while. A subordinate to afterimages defined in our research is virtual colour perception that, according to our interpretation is an unusual and intense temporary colour perception provoked by quick colour change in the incident light. Modelling virtual colour perception can be useful in the field of visual design, for example in dynamic advertising. A computational kinetic model established for simulating and quantifying virtual colour perception was developed in our previous work and was validated with preliminary tests involving 20 observers. Validation test results were contestable due to the high variance (about 50 RSD%) of duration and intensity of afterimage results at each incident light colour change. Thus, in our current work, validation on one-observer tests was performed to minimize the variance of results. Further, these validation tests were run on two liquid crystal display (LCD) types: a nowadays frequently present In-Plane Switching (IPS) display providing vivid colours, and an older LCD-TN (twisted nematic) display.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1109/CogInfoCom50765.2020.9237835

Detection of radially localized and poloidally symmetric structures in the poloidal flow of tokamak plasmas

M. Berta J. Adamek M. Hron S. Zoletnik A. Bencze J. Stöckel

Publication Name: 32nd Eps Conference on Plasma Physics 2005 Eps 2005 Held with the 8th International Workshop on Fast Ignition of Fusion Targets Europhysics Conference Abstracts

Publication Date: 2005-12-01

Volume: 3

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 1994-1997

Description:

No description provided

Open Access: Yes

DOI: DOI not available

The analysis of urbanization drivers in Kazakhstan: A regional assessment from 2010–2022

Laszlo Vasa Makpal Bekturganova Ainur Amirova Gaukhar Kenzhegulova Assel Bekbossinova

Publication Name: Journal of Infrastructure Policy and Development

Publication Date: 2024-01-01

Volume: 8

Issue: 8

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Urbanization process affects global socio-economic development. Originally tied to modernization and industrialization, current urbanization policy is focused on productivity, economic activities, and environmental sustainability. This study examines impact of urbanization in various regions of Kazakhstan, focusing on environmental, social, labor, industrial, and economic indicators. The study aims to assess how different indicators influence urbanization trends in Kazakhstan, particularly regarding environmental emissions and pollution. It delves into regional development patterns and identifies key contributing factors. The research methodology is based on classical economic theories of urbanization and modern interpretations emphasizing sustainability and socio-economic impacts and includes two stages. Shannon entropy measures diversity and uncertainty in urbanization indicators, while cluster analysis identifies regional patterns. Data from 2010 to 2022 for 17 regions forms the basis of analysis. Regions are categorized into groups based on urbanization levels leaders, challenged, stable, and outliers. This classification reveals disparities in urban development and its impacts. Findings stress the importance of integrating environmental and social considerations into urban planning and policies. Targeted interventions based on regional characteristics and urbanization levels are recommended to enhance sustainability and socio-economic outcomes. Tailored urban policies accommodating specific regional needs are crucial. Effective management and policy-making demand a nuanced understanding of these impacts, emphasizing region-specific strategies over a uniform approach.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.24294/jipd.v8i8.6157

Does the demographic dividend with human capital development yield an economic dividend? Evidence from Central Asia

Muyassar Kurbanova Éva Berde

Publication Name: Post Communist Economies

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: 35

Issue: 2

Page Range: 154-178

Description:

Both fertility and mortality rates are declining in the five Central Asian countries, so far resulting in an increasingly working-age population. The main question is whether these countries can benefit from this demographic transition while having different economic structures and diverse ethnicities. Our article shows the importance of demographic, economic, and human capital indicators and the influential role of governance indicators such as the Political Corruption Index and Egalitarian Democracy Index for economic growth. Based on the data from 1991 to 2018, the analysis has been conducted by employing fixed effect estimation with Driscoll-Kraay standard errors. The findings indicate that human capital with proper education and an appropriately absorbed labour force does have a more powerful effect on the demographic benefit. In addition, improving the quality of governance has a significant impact on economic growth.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1080/14631377.2022.2164782

A vision explainability method for image captioning using transformer decoder attention maps

Dragan Pamucar Rajesh Kumar Dhanaraj Meena Kowshalya Rajesh Kumar Dhanaraj Meena Kowshalya None Suchitra

Publication Name: Methodsx

Publication Date: 2025-12-01

Volume: 15

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Image Captioning is a crucial task that enables systems to generate descriptive sentences for visual content. Though image captioning systems bloom at the intersection of Computer Vision and Natural Language Processing, these models act mostly as black boxes offering little or no insight into how captions are derived. We present a novel explainable image captioning framework that integrates a Convolutional Neural Network encoder with a Transformer decoder. Attention-based heatmaps are used to explain the visuals offering transparency in the decision making process. The method evaluates captioning quality and interpretability on the MS COCO dataset using BLEU, METEOR, CIDER and SPICE. The method enhances the trustworthiness and transparency, making it reliable for applications like healthcare, education, security, surveillance and forecasting.A reproducible method for integrating visual explainability into image captioning exploring transformer decoder attention maps.The method contributes to the growing body of eXplainable AI (XAI) by addressing the transparency gap in vision-language modelsBalance performance with interpretability paving the way for more transparent and trustworthy AI systems.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2025.103744

Customized 3D-Printed Insoles for Diabetic Foot Care: Finite Element analysis and Machine Learning Approach

Yaodong Gu Gusztáv Fekete Zixiang Gao Yining Xu Zhenghui Lu Xin Li Qiaolin Zhang Hairong Chen

Publication Name: Advances in Transdisciplinary Engineering

Publication Date: 2024-01-01

Volume: 59

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 515-522

Description:

Diabetic foot is a common complication in patients with diabetes, which can lead to plantar ulcers and even necessitate amputation. This study aims to utilize finite element analysis to simulate the offloading effects of 3D-printed insoles with various structures on plantar pressure and to explore the use of machine learning in providing optimal plantar pressure offloading solutions for patients with diabetic foot. The results demonstrated that negative Poisson's ratio structured insoles were more effective in reducing plantar pressure (reducing pressure by an average of 39.2%) than barefoot and conventional structures. This was achieved through a unique lateral contraction deformation, which increased the contact area with the foot. The pressure-reducing effect of insoles may be weight-related, suggesting that heavier patients may require stiffer insoles. However, the machine learning algorithm demonstrated a poor fit (only 60.75%) in the task of recommending suitable insoles. In conclusion, this study demonstrated the significant effect of negative Poisson's ratio structured insoles in reducing plantar pressure in diabetic patients, providing new ideas for diabetic foot protection. With the development of data analysis technology in the future, the feasibility and application of personalised insole design will be more promising.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3233/ATDE240588