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Publications - 6374

Cognitive control functions in monolingual children with developmental language disorder and in typically developing bilingual children

Alexandra Rohár Klára Marton

Publication Name: Magyar Pszichologiai Szemle

Publication Date: 2020-12-01

Volume: 75

Issue: 4

Page Range: 623-638

Description:

Purpose: The goal of this study is to present the theoretical conceptions related to cognitive control, highlighting those main components that show a close relationship with language processing. Further, our goal was to review these functions in two distinct language groups: children with developmental language disorders and typically developing bilingual children. Specifically, we were interested in the way certain factors of language competence and performance interact with the cognitive control functions. Method: We compared the cognitive control functions between monolingual children with developmental language disorders and their typically developing peers, as well as between bilingual children and their monolingual peers. The following aspects were considered for our review: the target population - school-age monolingual children with developmental language disorders or school-age typically developing bilingual children; studies that employed tasks that measure response inhibition, resistance to interference, working memory updating and cognitive flexibility. Results: Overall, there are many conflicting results in the literature due to the heterogeneity of the groups and the differences across methodological approaches. Despite these inconsistencies, children's cognitive control functions are highly associated with their language skills; while the children with developmental language disorders show deficits in resistance to interference, working memory updating, and cognitive flexibility compared to their typically developing peers, the bilingual children show superior performance in these functions compared to their monolingual peers. Response inhibition was the only function that did not differ across groups. Conclusions: Based on the above, language development shows a close relationship with a number of cognitive control functions. The interaction between cognitive control and language, however, indicates different directions in the two target groups. Whereas poor cognitive control in children with developmental language disorders may contribute to their lower level of language skills, the cognitive advantage of bilingual children is the result of their bilingual language use and practice across different social contexts.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1556/0016.2020.00036

Investigation of the Tribological Effects of Nano-Sized Transition Metal Oxides on a Base Oil Containing Pour Point Depressant and Viscosity Modifier

I. Szabó Kevin Szabó Hajnalka Hargitai

Publication Name: Chemengineering

Publication Date: 2025-02-01

Volume: 9

Issue: 1

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

This study investigates the tribological effects of nano-sized metal oxides (ZrO2, CuO, Y2O3 and TiO2) in Group III type base oil containing 0.3% pour point depressant (PPD) and 5% viscosity modifier (VM) to enhance friction and wear performance. The homogenized lubricant samples with varying concentrations of oxide nanoparticles (0.1–0.5 wt%) on a linear oscillating tribometer performed static and dynamic frictional tests. Optical and confocal microscopy surface analysis evaluated the wear of the specimen, and SEM and EDX analyses characterized the wear tracks, nanoparticle distributions, and quantification. The cooperation between PPD and nanoparticles significantly improved friction and wear values; however, the worn surface suffered extensively from fatigue wear. The collaboration between VM and nanoparticles resulted in a nanoparticle-rich tribofilm on the contact surface, providing excellent wear resistance that protects the component while also favorably impacting friction reduction. This study found CuO reduced wear volume by 85% with PPD and 43% with VM at 0.5 wt%, while ZrO2 achieved 80% and 63% reductions, respectively. Y2O3 reduced wear volume by 82% with PPD, and TiO2 reduced friction by 20% with VM. These nanoparticles enhanced tribological performance at optimal concentrations, but high concentrations caused tribofilm instability, highlighting the need for precise optimization.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/chemengineering9010001

Teaching popular culture 3D/VR technology

Adel Vehrer

Publication Name: 8th IEEE International Conference on Cognitive Infocommunications Coginfocom 2017 Proceedings

Publication Date: 2017-07-02

Volume: 2018-January

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Teaching Popular culture 3D/VR Technological background may offer novel experience to learners regarding visual impact and content, which makes both imparting and learning new materials more efficient. 3D/VR technology makes possible for the students to getting closer visually to the world of the elder people in time and space. All these contribute to the subject will become more practice-oriented.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1109/CogInfoCom.2017.8268297

A novel diversity induction method for bacterial memetic algorithm by hibernation of individuals

János Botzheim

Publication Name: Proceedings 2012 6th International Conference on Genetic and Evolutionary Computing Icgec 2012

Publication Date: 2012-12-01

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 328-331

Description:

Memetic algorithms combine evolutionary algorithms with local search heuristics in order to speed up the evolutionary process. The bacterial memetic algorithm applies the bacterial operators instead of the genetic algorithm's crossover and mutation operator. In this paper a novel diversity induction method is proposed for bacterial memetic algorithm. Hibernation of some individuals in the population is applied for avoiding premature convergence to local optima. This operation can help in turning back from unpromising region of the search space by previously found solutions represented in hibernated bacteria. © 2012 IEEE.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1109/ICGEC.2012.25

Evolution of the Road Network Topology of Central European Housing Estates

Csaba Koren Attila Borsos Pál Hegyi

Publication Name: Infrastructures

Publication Date: 2023-10-01

Volume: 8

Issue: 10

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

The analysis of road network topology has attracted the attention of researchers in the past few decades. In this study, the road topology of housing estates in a few selected Central European countries (Hungary, Austria, Czech Republic, and Slovakia) was analysed. This research was carried out in three steps: (1) the road network topology of different decades from the 1950s to the 1980s was described, (2) the ratio of intersections and dead-ends was investigated, and (3) the connectivity indices were analysed and compared. The research was carried out using ESRI ArcGIS software. The results show that the design of road networks built in different countries is similar in the housing estates studied. When analysing the road networks over time, significant differences could be found in the case of Hungary for housing estates built after the 1960s. In general, connectivity has become more important, as it has gradually increased over time.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/infrastructures8100142

Urban Sustainability Through Pavement Technologies: Reducing Urban Heat Islands with Cool Pavements

Fereidoon Moghadas Nejad Rashid Tanzadeh Majid Movahedi Rad Jafar Chalabii Mohammad Javad Amani Mohammad Mohsen Kabiri Nasrabad

Publication Name: Buildings

Publication Date: 2025-02-01

Volume: 15

Issue: 3

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Urban development driven by population growth and technological advancements has intensified urban heat islands (UHIs), contributing to environmental damage and health risks. This study explores the potential of cool pavements as a critical strategy for mitigating UHIs, focusing on reflective, evaporative, and energy-storing technologies. Over 400 reputable scientific articles were reviewed to analyze UHI causes; measurement methods, including remote sensing and laboratory techniques; and the effectiveness of various pavement solutions. Reflective pavements demonstrated a capacity to lower surface temperatures by 5–20 °C depending on reflectivity changes, while evaporative pavements reduced temperatures by 5–35 °C based on type and design. Advanced energy-storing pavements not only achieved a 3–5 °C temperature reduction but also generated renewable energy. This research provides a comprehensive classification of pavement cooling systems and evaluates their quantitative and qualitative benefits, emphasizing the transformative role of cool pavements in enhancing urban sustainability and reducing UHI effects.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/buildings15030504

An optimization model for maintenance of engineering structures

K. Ambrus-Somogyi András Bakó

Publication Name: Iccc 2005 IEEE 3rd International Conference on Computational Cybernetics Proceedings

Publication Date: 2005-12-01

Volume: 2005

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 265-268

Description:

With the recognition that the engineering structures maintenance and repair needs far exceed the rescourses available to adress these needs, many firms have to turned to the development of ESMS (Enginnering Structures Management System) as a method to improve the allocation of these limited resources and the condition of their engineering structures. The paper provides an overviev of the need for ESMS. The concepts of level-of-service goals for functional adequacy, deterioration modeling and the relation of structural adequancy and optimization strategies for rescource allocation.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1109/ICCCYB.2005.1511584

Concept of an atomic beam probe diagnostic on COMPASS tokamak

M. Berta G. Anda D. Dunai M. Aradi G. Veres S. Zoletnik A. Bencze

Publication Name: 36th Eps Conference on Plasma Physics 2009 Eps 2009 Europhysics Conference Abstracts

Publication Date: 2009-12-01

Volume: 33 E2

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 1399-1402

Description:

No description provided

Open Access: Yes

DOI: DOI not available

An implicit Method of Fundamental Solutions using twofold domains

Csaba Gáspár

Publication Name: Engineering Analysis with Boundary Elements

Publication Date: 2017-09-01

Volume: 82

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 194-201

Description:

A novel meshless method is presented. It is based on completing the original problem with an additional one which is defined in the same domain and connected with the original problem through the boundary only. The boundary conditions are enforced by some internal sources appearing in the supplementary problem only. The fundamental solutions are not used explicitly. The two problems are solved simultaneously using computationally quite efficient multi-level tools. No dense and ill-conditioned linear systems have to be solved. Moreover, no external or boundary sources are to be located. The approach can easily be extended to more general elliptic problems in a natural way, since the corresponding fundamental solution is not needed to be known.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.enganabound.2017.06.007