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Publications - 6374

Influence of seed rate and row spacing across on two different maturity groups of sorghum grain yield and quality characteristics

Gabor Kukorelli Zoltán Molnár Balázs Szemerits

Publication Name: Bio Web of Conferences

Publication Date: 2024-08-23

Volume: 125

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

The goal of this resesrch is to develop cultivation practices that optimize the economical cultivation of sorghum, taking into account current environmental factors., by determining the optimal seeding rate and row spacing for two different maturity groups of sorghum hybrids, RGT Icebergg (early) and RGT Huggo (mid-early). In this context, we examine the maximum achievable yield and quality characteristics. The experiment involved different plant densities: 210,000, 240,000, 270,000, and 300,000 plants/ha, and three different row spacings: 25, 45, and 76 cm. Through conducted experiments, significant differences have been observed in harvest moisture content, hectoliter weight, protein content, head size, and plant height. Significant differences were observed in the average number of head per square meter. Although similar average protein levels were measured for different genotypes, there were differences in their stability. Increasing row spacing decreased hectoliter weight, while increasing seeding rates increased it. Harvest moisture content was significantly higher with wider row spacings, while increasing plant density resulted in a slight decrease in moisture content. Looking at the average of the tested hybrids, the row spacing of 45 cm and the number of seed of 300,000 plants/ha are the most ideal combination to achieve the yield.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1051/bioconf/202412501009

Application of atomic spectroscopy for trace element analysis of fruit juices: a review

Pavithra Hemachandra Zsolt Ajtony László Bencs

Publication Name: Bio Web of Conferences

Publication Date: 2024-08-23

Volume: 125

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Trace elements are crucial for human nutrition, requiring their precise analysis in fruit juices to ensure product quality and assess contamination risks. Atomic spectroscopy techniques including inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS), flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS), atomic fluorescence spectrometry (AFS), X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF), and glow discharge optical emission spectrometry (GD-OES) are sensitive, selective and versatile tools for trace element analysis of various solid and solution samples. Matrix modifiers, sample introduction and sample preparation methods are pivotal for improving the accuracy and mitigating matrix interferences. Further advancements in instrumentation are essential. This review provides a comprehensive overview of these techniques, highlighting their principles, advantages, limitations and future research directions in fruit juice analysis. Its global applications, focusing on As, Cd, Co, and Pb, along with sample preparation methods, element concentrations, detection limits, and recovery values, have been explored.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1051/bioconf/202412502003

Citrus flavonoids (naringin and hesperidin) as functional ingredients in dairy products

Beatrix Sik U. R. Chandimala Zsolt Ajtony

Publication Name: Bio Web of Conferences

Publication Date: 2024-08-23

Volume: 125

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Recently, the development of functional foods enriched with plant phenolic compounds attracted the attention of researchers due to their favorable health properties. Naringin (NAR) and hesperidin (HES) are two main bioflavonoids available in high concentrations in citrus (CTS) fruits, including juice processing by-products like peel, membranes, and seeds. In general, NAR and HES offer potential health benefits in various diseases including diabetes mellitus, certain types of cancer, and obesity. However, to take advantage of the benefits of flavonoids in CTS, researchers must consider various factors since the development of enriched food is valueless if the bioactive compounds are not stable in the food matrix or are not absorbed appropriately throughout the digestive system. This study presents the sensory, physicochemical, and organoleptic properties of CTS-enriched dairy products produced by different technologies. This paper also includes the extraction methods, encapsulation technologies, and beneficial effects of NAR and HES. Overall, results supported that incorporating HES and NAR improves the antioxidant properties and, in some cases, the consumer acceptance of dairy products. In the future, the application of encapsulation technologies will probably come to the fore in the functional food industry, since encapsulation is used to mask unpleasant feelings during eating, such as the bitter taste of CTS flavonoids.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1051/bioconf/202412502004

Examinations on the cultivated bacteria from the drinking water system of a healthcare building

Roland Miseta A. Zseni Dalma Gregosits Csaba Kiss

Publication Name: Bio Web of Conferences

Publication Date: 2024-08-23

Volume: 125

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

The aim of our research was the identification of nosocomial pathogens found in the internal drinking water network of healthcare facilities which can cause infections in hospitals. In this study, the composition of bacterial communities from the internal water network of a health institution in Győr (Hungary) was examined using standard culture-based methods. Identification of the bacterial isolates was performed using Analytical Profile Index (API). Members of 13 bacterial taxa were recovered from a multi-storey healthcare institution. 10 species were identified via API20E and API20NE testing, out of which isolates of genera Aeromonas, Pseudomonas and Sphingomonas were found in the highest proportion on different media. These bacteria can cause nosocomial infections in clinical environments, leading to serious illnesses mainly in patients, as they may have multiresistance genes. In addition, Legionella species were also identified in the water samples, which are also known to be nosocomial pathogens, since they can be spread with aerosols in hospital environments and can cause severe respiratory diseases in immunocompromised individuals.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1051/bioconf/202412503001

Compressibility of expansive soil mixed with sand and its correlation to index properties

Rashad Alsirawan Ammar N. Alnmr Mounzer Omran Alzawi R. P. Ray

Publication Name: Heliyon

Publication Date: 2024-08-15

Volume: 10

Issue: 15

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Prior research has primarily focused on Atterberg limits, void ratios, and/or water content, often disregarding the impact of coarse material percentage in the soil, which significantly affects compressibility behavior. This paper examines the effects of sand content, initial degree of saturation, and initial dry unit weight on the compressibility behavior of expansive soils. Ninty-six oedometer tests were performed in order to accurately predict the compressibility behavior of expansive soils. The previous studies have attempted to correlate compressibility with different index properties separately, but no single study has taken into consideration all properties influencing compressibility behavior, especially for expansive soils. The findings show that compressibility is greatly influenced by the sand content, initial degree of saturation, and initial dry unit weight. Increasing the initial dry unit weight specifically lowers the compression index and permeability while raising the recompression index for the same percentage of added sand. Moreover, since swelling reduces with increasing initial saturation, raising the saturation degree also lowers the permeability, recompression index, and compression index. The results indicate that a sand content of more than 30 % is recommended for achieving desired properties in expansive clayey soil. This is a result of sand taking the dominant role in the soil mixture, which lowers soil suction and improves soil properties by reducing swelling, permeability, and compressibility. Symbolic regression equations were created to predict the compression and recompression indices, outperforming previous models in accurately predicting the compressibility behavior of expansive soils, considering the percentage of sand. The validation of these equations demonstrates their predictive capabilities.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e35711

Challenges in Mapping Soil Variability Using Apparent Soil Electrical Conductivity under Heterogeneous Topographic Conditions

Renato Kalocsai Márton Vona Viktoria Vona Ákos Bede-Fazekas Péter Csavajda István Mihály Kulmány Laszló Bede Sándor Zsebő Dávid Stencinger Gergely Jakab

Publication Name: Agronomy

Publication Date: 2024-06-01

Volume: 14

Issue: 6

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Site-specific management requires the identification of treatment areas based on homogeneous characteristics. This study aimed to determine whether soil mapping based on apparent soil electrical conductivity (ECa) is suitable for mapping soil properties of fields with topographic heterogeneity. Research was conducted on two neighbouring fields in Fejér county, Hungary, with contrasting topographic heterogeneity. To characterise the spatial variability of soil attributes, ECa was measured and supplemented by obtaining soil samples and performing soil profile analysis. The relationship between ECa and soil physical and chemical properties was analysed using correlation, principal component, and regression analyses. The research revealed that the quality and strength of the relationship between ECa and soil remarkably differed in the two studied fields. In homogeneous topographic conditions, ECa was weakly correlated with elevation as determined by soil physical texture and nutrient content in a strong (R2 = 0.72) linear model. On the other hand, ECa was significantly determined by elevation in heterogeneous topographic conditions in a moderate (R2 = 0.47) linear model. Consequently, ECa-based soil mapping can only be used to characterise the soil, thus delineating management zones under homogeneous topographic conditions.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/agronomy14061161

Sustainability in Folk Culture: Transmission of a Traditional Blue Dyeing Technique in Győr

Zsuzsanna Lanczendorfer Balázs Varga

Publication Name: Chemical Engineering Transactions

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: 107

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 235-240

Description:

Based on blue-dyer masters’ experience, we can say that people are still interested in the technology of traditional blue dyeing. There are many people participating in trade shows. Moreover, people tend to buy and use the products produced this way. Based on the proposal of the Intellectual Cultural Heritage Professional Committee of the Hungarian National Committee of UNESCO, the tradition of blue dyeing became part of the National Register of Intellectual Cultural Heritage in 2015. Then, in 2018, to the proposal of five countries, including Hungary, the traditional trade of blue-dyeing was recognised, which thus became part of the list of intellectual cultural heritage of UNESCO. In the elaboration of the petition of nomination, a master of Győr, Ildikó Tóth and her family participated. In our study, we are giving an overview of the history of blue-dyeing, which can be dated from the end of the 17th century, of the spreading of the main techniques, and also of the state of the number of blue-dyers. Beyond the above-mentioned issues, we are dealing with the history of blue-dyeing in Győr, mentioning the more important masters, as well as the mark of the trade, which can be seen until now. In the main part of our study, we are introducing a blue-dyeing workshop in Győr, where they manufacture textiles using original devices and technology until the present day. Apart from this, we are pointing out the family story of the blue-dyer family Éhring, which embraces five generations. Moreover, we are presenting their work done in the survival of our cultural heritage, in popular education and community development, with the help of the interviews made with Ildikó Tóth and her family – who has recently received the title ‘Master of Folk Culture’. In the study, we are also publishing true stories about blue-dyer masters, about the trade and the above-mentioned family.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3303/CET23107040

Digital divide and digitalization in Europe: A bibliometric analysis

Nataša Kovač Rafał Kusa Jewel Kumar Roy Katarzyna Żmija Jerzy Duda

Publication Name: Equilibrium Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy

Publication Date: 2024-06-30

Volume: 19

Issue: 2

Page Range: 463-520

Description:

Research background:Digitalization and the associated digital divide are crucial issues impacting socio-economic development globally. Extensive research has examined digitalization and the digital divide in EU countries, but there is a lack of understanding regarding comparisons with studies conducted in Western Balkan countries. This study investigates digitalization trends in research from the past five years in both regions, focusing on efforts and factors contributing to the digital gap. Purpose of the article: The study analyzes research on digitalization from 2018 to 2023 in the EU and Western Balkans. It explores factors causing the digital divide and efforts in digitalization, aiming to guide future research and policy for digital inclusion and sustainable development. Methods: The study employs a meticulous data selection process, choosing Scopus as the database for its extensive coverage of diverse journals. A total of 1119 articles from EU countries and 277 from Western Balkan countries are selected for bibliometric analysis, adhering to PRISMA guidelines. Findings & value added: The research reveals a growing interest in digitalization-related issues, demonstrating the multidisciplinary nature of ongoing research. It points out the distribution of publications on digitalization in the EU and Western Balkans countries. The EU focuses on digital technologies, economic growth, and sustainability, while Western Balkan countries focus on COVID-19 impact and digitalization in education and business. The research compares digitalization efforts in the EU and Western Balkan countries presented in the literature, pointing to new dimensions of the digital divide studies. It discusses how socio-economic contexts affect digital transformation and stresses the need for tailored policy approaches for digital inclusivity. These insights are of great importance for policymakers, researchers, and practitioners working towards global digital development and bridging the digital divide. The study lays the groundwork for future research and policy considerations, considering limitations like potential bias in databases and search criteria.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.24136/eq.2899

Public Law Liability of the Financial Market Supervisor

Michal Janovec János Kálmán

Publication Name: Journal of Risk and Financial Management

Publication Date: 2024-06-01

Volume: 17

Issue: 6

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

This article deals with the liability of the supervisory authority of the financial market. It could be questioned whether the supervisory authority, as the public authority, is liable for the supervisory performance. If the answer is yes, then the question is what kind of liability could be found and if any special conditions (prerequisites) are needed. In general, there could be two lines of public liability found. One is systemic liability for the safe financial market—e.g., financial market stability. The other perspective is individual liability for damages caused by unlawful administrative procedure or maladministration, where unlimited strict liability is granted. This kind of liability might be widely questioned, especially when the central bank is the supervisory authority, like in the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, and other EU member states. This article aims to evaluate the liability of the supervisory authority in the Czech Republic and Hungary concerning the European level of such liability.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/jrfm17060232