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Found 6412 publications

Do Antidoping Interventions Work?

Andrea Petróczi Cora Burnett Cornelia Blank Eduard Bezuglov Tamara Dolmatova Tarryn Godfrey Carmen Horvat Vassil Girginov Mike McNamee Andrew Bloodworth

Publication Name: Journal of Sport and Social Issues

Publication Date: 2026-04-01

Volume: 50

Issue: 2

Page Range: 145-172

Description:

A multitude of interventions have been designed to tackle doping in sport. Despite significant advances in understanding the role of motivation, the environment, policies and education in addressing doping, there is a lack of nuanced knowledge concerning the design and implementation of these interventions. The present study adopted an intervention mapping evaluation perspective, critically evaluating a selection of 12 antidoping programs across three sports in Austria, Russia, South Africa, and the United Kingdom, using a mixed-methods, sequential, explanatory design. Findings confirm that the antidoping intervention landscape is diverse and complicated, incorporating multiple strands, sites, ambitions and stakeholders. It also suggests that the drive for policy compliance led by WADA has promoted considerable isomorphism across diverse cultural and economic communities and sports. Antidoping educational interventions appear to have been informed more by the moral imperatives for clean and fair sport rather than sound theoretical bases. While the theoretical basis on which most interventions were based can operate across culturally and economically divergent contexts, this is undermined by differences in their interpretation and the context of their implementation. Several lacunae in the design and implementation of antidoping interventions are also identified and discussed.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1177/01937235251415161

Necessary and sufficient conditions for the equality of interactive and non-interactive extensions of continuous functions

Lucian Coroianu Robert Fuller

Publication Name: Fuzzy Sets and Systems

Publication Date: 2018-01-15

Volume: 331

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 116-130

Description:

In this contribution we find the class of n-dimensional joint possibility distributions with the property that the interactive extension principle coincides with the non-interactive extension principle as long as the interactive operations are determined by continuous functions strictly increasing in each argument. This result completes recent studies by the authors, where the particular case of interactive additions and multiplications versus non-interactive additions and multiplications were investigated. In addition, this time we propose results that also cover the cases when we know the fuzzy numbers only from their membership functions. It means that we eliminated the limitations that appear when we cannot pass from membership function representation to parametric representation of fuzzy numbers. As important new applications, we mention the study on the completely correlated fuzzy numbers. Also of note is that we propose two simple methods to extend bidimensional joint possibility distributions to n-dimensional joint possibility distributions. One method is based on an inductive construction while the other one is based on a pairwise construction.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.fss.2017.07.023

Effect of pore size and temperature on the behaviour of alpha-lactalbumin and the A and B genetic variants of beta-lactoglobulin during protein fractionation microfiltration

G. Szafner A. J. Kovács Henrietta Buzás Mónika Krassóy Aline Wiedmann

Publication Name: Food Hydrocolloids

Publication Date: 2025-03-01

Volume: 160

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of membrane pore size and filtration temperature on six individual milk protein fractions (αS-CN, β- CN, κ-CN, α-LA, β-LG A, β-LG A) during the protein fractionation microfiltration process. Pasteurised skimmed milk was microfiltrated using two different pore sizes of spiral-wound membranes, with pore sizes of 0.2 μm and 0.5 μm, at temperatures of 15 °C and 45 °C respectively. The microfiltration process was carried out with a final volume reduction of 66% and a diafiltration volume of 120% (300 L) of the original feed (250 L). It was observed that neither the pore size nor the filtration temperature significantly (p < 0.05) affected the permeation of the α-LA fraction. However, the permeation of the β-LG A and β-LG B fractions can be influenced by membrane pore size and filtration temperature, and the behaviour of the three whey protein fractions, A and B genetic variants of the β-LG and α-LA fractions differs significantly during the microfiltration process. The results of this study could form the basis for the development of new, unique tailor-made milk protein ingredients.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2024.110759

Codes in the codons: Construction of a codon/amino acid periodic table and a study of the nature of specific nucleic acid - Protein interactions

Balázs Benyó J. C. Biro Z. Benyó

Publication Name: Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Proceedings

Publication Date: 2004-12-01

Volume: 26 IV

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 2860-2863

Description:

The theory of "codon-amino acid coevolution" was first proposed by Woese in 1967. It suggests that there is a stereochemical matching - that is, affinity - between amino acids and certain of the base triplet sequences that code for those amino acids. We have constructed a Common Periodic Table of Codons and Amino Acids, where the Nucleic Acid Table showed perfect axial symmetry for codons and the corresponding Amino Acid Table also displayed periodicity regarding the biochemical properties (charge and hydrophobicity) of the 20 amino acids and the position of the stop signals. The Table indicates that the middle (2nd) amino acid in the codon has a prominent role in determining some of the structural features of the amino acids. The possibility that physical contact between codons and amino acids might exist was tested on restriction enzymes. Many recognition site-like sequences were found in the coding sequences of these enzymes and as many as 73 examples of codon - amino acid co-location were observed in the 7 known 3D structures (December 2003) of endonuclease-nucleic acid complexes. These results indicate that the smallest possible units of specific nucleic acid - protein interaction are indeed the stereochemically compatible codons and amino acids.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: DOI not available

Analytical approach to determine vertical dynamics of a semi-trailer truck from the point of view of goods protection

Renáta Pidl

Publication Name: Aip Conference Proceedings

Publication Date: 2018-01-05

Volume: 1922

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

The overwhelming majority of intercontinental long-haul transportations of goods are usually carried out on road by semi-trailer trucks. Vibration has a major effect regarding the safety of the transport, the load and the transported goods. This paper deals with the logistics goals from the point of view of vibration and summarizes the methods to predict or measure the vibration load in order to design a proper system. From these methods, the focus of this paper is on the computer simulation of the vibration. An analytical method is presented to calculate the vertical dynamics of a semi-trailer truck containing general viscous damping and exposed to harmonic base excitation. For the purpose of a better understanding, the method will be presented through a simplified four degrees-of-freedom (DOF) half-vehicle model, which neglects the stiffness and damping of the tires, thus the four degrees-of-freedom are the vertical and angular displacements of the truck and the trailer. From the vertical and angular accelerations of the trailer, the vertical acceleration of each point of the platform of the trailer can easily be determined, from which the forces acting on the transported goods are given. As a result of this paper the response of the full platform-load-packaging system to any kind of vehicle, any kind of load and any kind of road condition can be analyzed. The peak acceleration of any point on the platform can be determined by the presented analytical method.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1063/1.5019118

Simulation of a developed magnetic flux leakage method

Miklós Kuczmann Gergely Kovács

Publication Name: Pollack Periodica

Publication Date: 2009-08-01

Volume: 4

Issue: 2

Page Range: 45-56

Description:

The paper presents the analysis of nondestructive testing equipment under investigation. There are two main parts of the research as well as this paper. The first part shows the present state of the developed nondestructive tester based on the Magnetic Flux Leakage method, the other part reviews the simulation and the results, which have been made with the principle of the Finite Element Method. The aim now is to define the order of magnitude of the magnetic flux density in the positions of the sensor.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1556/Pollack.4.2009.2.5

Anti-fibrotic effect of Spirulina maxima-derived extracellular vesicles: possible role of PARK7 and HSP70 chaperones

Beáta Szebeni Tamás Visnovitz Domonkos Pap Marcell Pálmai Attila J. Szabó Apor Veres-Székely Zoltán Molnár Nóra Fekete Tamás Mészáros Péter Bokrossy Mária Bernáth Zoltán Varga Dorina Lenzinger Csenge Szász Ádám Vannay Judith Mihály Éva Pállinger Edit Buzás

Publication Name: Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology

Publication Date: 2026-03-31

Volume: 14

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Introduction – Spirulina maxima (Sm), a blue-green microalgae, is well known for its rich nutritional composition, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. In this study, we found that small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) isolated from Sm exhibit antifibrotic activity. Methods – Sm derived sEVs (Sm_sEV) were purified from the Sm culture medium using tangential flow filtration (TFF), followed by size-exclusion chromatography (SEC). Characterization of the sEVs was performed using nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), immunogold TEM, surface-enhanced IR spectroscopy (SEIRS), and flow cytometry (FC). Internalization of DiI-labeled sEVs by human primary peritoneal mesothelial cells (P-MCs) and peritoneal fibroblasts (p-FBs) was examined using fluorescence microscopy. The effect of sEVs on mesenchymal transition of P-MCs and activation of P-FBs was investigated by immunofluorescent staining, MTT cell-proliferation, and Sirius Red collagen accumulation assays, respectively. The antifibrotic relevance of Sm_sEV was further investigated in a chlorhexidine digluconate (CG)-induced mouse model of peritoneal fibrosis. Results – The isolated Sm_sEV exhibited a spherical morphology, with a size range of 150.0 ± 67.6 nm, and the protein-to-lipid ratio (P/L_spectr) was 2.27 ± 0.07. The sEVs cargo contained Parkinson’s disease protein 7 (PARK7), and heat shock protein 70 (HSP70). DiI-labeled sEVs were successfully internalized by both P-MCs and P-FBs and inhibited TGF-β-induced mesenchymal transition in P-MCs and the collagen production and PDGF-B-induced proliferation in P-FBs. In vivo, intraperitoneal administration of Sm_sEVs reduced CG-induced submesothelial thickening, fibronectin, and collagen type I alpha 1 immunopositivity, and increased cytokeratin 18, immunopositivity in the mesothelial layer. Discussion – These findings highlight the antifibrotic effect of Sm_sEV and support their further investigation in the context of fibrosis.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2026.1761403

Role of economic complexity and technological innovation for ecological footprint in newly industrialized countries: Does geothermal energy consumption matter?

Laszlo Vasa Yuriy Bilan Beata Zofia Filipiak Muhammad Adnan Bashir Zhao Dengfeng

Publication Name: Renewable Energy

Publication Date: 2023-11-01

Volume: 217

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

This research evaluates how energy (geothermal and coal), economic complexity, and technological innovation impact the ecological footprint in newly industrialized countries (NICs), considering the period 1990–2018. The authors employed economic complexity, technological innovation, and ecological footprint as significant considerations instead of standard environmental and economic parameters. The study used cross-sectional augmented distributed lag (CS-ARDL) and the pairwise Dumitrescu-Hurlin (DH) panel causality to consider the dynamic character of the correlation between the Environment and economic activities. The outcomes of the CS-ARDL showed that economic growth and coal energy intensify ecological footprint in both the long and short run. However, CS-ARDL results revealed that geothermal energy consumption, economic complexity, and technological innovation lessen the ecological footprint in NICs in the long and short run. Finally, the DH causality results revealed a unidirectional causality from geothermal, technological innovation, economic complexity, and coal energy use to ecological footprint. This demonstrates that all the exogenous variables have a predicted power on the ecological footprints in NICs. Based on these findings, policy measures to diversify products have the potential to tackle ecological problems.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2023.119059

A structured framework for HBIM standardization: Integrating scan-to-BIM methodologies and heritage conservation standards

János Szép Kitti Karolyfi Nóra Géczy Rnin Salah

Publication Name: Digital Applications in Archaeology and Cultural Heritage

Publication Date: 2025-06-01

Volume: 37

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Heritage conservation demands innovative approaches that integrate advanced technologies with traditional principles to protect monuments and historic buildings. This research investigates the potential of Building Information Modeling (BIM) in heritage conservation, with a focus on developing and adapting workflows tailored to Heritage Building Information Modeling (HBIM). Through a systematic analysis of literature, the research highlights the adaptation of scan-to-BIM methodologies for HBIM creation and their significant role in enhancing preservation efforts. Key technologies, including laser scanning, photogrammetry, and machine learning, are discussed for their contributions to generate accurate and information-rich digital models of heritage structures. Furthermore, this work discovers critical specifications and proposes a structured framework for balancing these specifications within HBIM workflows. This framework addresses challenges such as standardization, scalability, and adaptability, which are essential for accurately capturing the complexity of heritage buildings. By examining these issues, the study identifies opportunities to improve HBIM's capability to monitor, document, and manage culturally significant assets. The findings provide a comprehensive understanding of HBIM processes and their potential to support the effective conservation of heritage.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.daach.2025.e00420