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Telemedicine adoption in Hungary: insights from two representative population surveys (2021–2024)
Publication Name: BMC Health Services Research
Publication Date: 2026-12-01
Volume: 26
Issue: 1
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
Background: Despite increased interest, data on telemedicine adoption and patterns of use remain scarce. This study aims to fill this gap by analysing sociodemographic trends in telemedicine use in Hungary between 2021 and 2024. Methods: Two nationwide representative surveys were conducted in Hungary: a Computer Assisted Telephone Interview (CATI) with 1,500 participants in October 2021 and an online survey with 1,100 participants in February 2024. Both samples were stratified by gender, age, settlement type, and education. A Telemedicine Index, encompassing (a) online appointment booking and referral requests (b) video or phone teleconsultations (c) email communication with the doctor (d) sharing images with the doctor (e) sharing medical documentation with the doctor and (f) allowing the doctor to monitor changes in health status via smartphone was constructed. Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics, ANOVA, and multinomial logistic regression to assess sociodemographic factors associated with telemedicine use. Results: Telemedicine adoption increased between 2021 and 2024. The Telemedicine Index rose from Mean = 1.025 to Mean = 1.702. The proportion of non-users dropped from 43.5% to 21.0%. While initial disparities in 2021 showed women, younger individuals, higher educated people and urban residents using telemedicine more, these gaps narrowed significantly by 2024. Family support, indicated by living with a partner, positively influenced telemedicine adoption in both periods, emphasizing its role in facilitating use, especially among older adults and those with children. Analysis confirmed that education, age, gender, and family status are significantly associated with telemedicine use. Conclusion: Telemedicine has become increasingly integrated into Hungarian healthcare, with a shift from pandemic-driven necessity to broader societal adoption. While sociodemographic disparities persist, they have largely narrowed. The crucial role of social and family support in facilitating telemedicine use, particularly for vulnerable groups, highlights a key area for future interventions.
Open Access: Yes
Effect of a five-week beta-alanine supplementation on the performance, cardio-respiratory system, and blood lactate level in well-trained rowing athletes: A double-blind randomized pre–post pilot study
Publication Name: Journal of Physical Education and Sport
Publication Date: 2020-09-01
Volume: 20
Issue: 5
Page Range: 2501-2507
Description:
Intense exercise by top-level athletes significantly lowers the pH of muscle and blood, which leads to fatigue. Beta-alanine (BA) supplementation can increase carnosine levels in skeletal muscle, which can delay a decrease in pH in the muscles. Previous studies have shown that multiple doses of BA supplementation were effective for people of different physical fitness and age. The purpose of this double-blind, randomized, controlled study is to investigate the effect of a five-week BA supplementation on well-trained, experienced rowing athletes at approximately the median dose of previous studies, which determined that 50 mg day−1 kg−1 of body weight was an effective daily dose. Two groups were formed in the spiroergometric study. One group received BA supplementation, while the control group did not. Five weeks after the first test (T1), the second test (T2) occurred, and the blood lactate levels were measured before and after the tests (Pre[La-]b ; Post[La-]b ). The maximum mean values of different physiological load parameters showed no significant difference. In the BA group, the mean lactate level was significantly lower after the T2 measurement (Post[La-]b ) compared to those of T1 (P = 0.01) and the control group, i.e., T1 (P = 0,008), T2 (P = 0,028). The mean time and performance of the second measurement of the BA group increased [T1 = 582,7 ± 88,2 (s); T2 = 636,4 ± 106,6 (s)] but the result is not significant. In summary, the five-week dose of 50 mg day−1 kg−1 of body weight, which is 3.845 day−1 for the group average, lowers the blood lactate levels after the tests (Post[La-]b ) but does not increase the athlete's performance. For well-trained athletes, during a five-week supplementation, it is not advisable to lover the value below 4–6 g day−1 with the dietary supplement to achieve an ergogenic effect.
Open Access: Yes
Criteria-Based Selection of Cycling Infrastructure: Comparative Analysis of European Guidelines †
Publication Name: Engineering Proceedings
Publication Date: 2025-01-01
Volume: 113
Issue: 1
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
Determining suitable cycling infrastructure is essential for transport planners in European countries seeking to improve safety, promote sustainability, and encourage active travel. This paper compares national cycling infrastructure guidelines from Ukraine, Hungary, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, and Slovakia. The analysis focuses on key aspects such as infrastructure se-lection criteria (traffic volume, speed), threshold values, design flexibility, contextual integration, and safety performance. Although motor traffic volume and speed are regarded as essential parameters in all countries, implementation and thresholds differ significantly. The Dutch CROW manual enforces the strictest separation guidelines, while Ukraine allows mixed traffic even in higher-speed environments. The UK’s LTN 1/20 emphasizes contextual design and quality, while Hungary and Slovakia rely on matrix-based methods. The findings highlight the need for standardization and alignment with global safety norms.
Open Access: Yes
Assessing accessibility barriers at public transport stops for people with disabilities: Study in Hungary
Publication Name: European Transport Studies
Publication Date: 2026-12-01
Volume: 3
Issue: Unknown
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
Public transport systems play an instrumental role in promoting mobility, independence and the equitable participation of all individuals in daily activities Despite accessibility having become a fundamental component within transport planning, a significant proportion of public transport systems continue to exhibit notable barriers, thus impeding the mobility of individuals with disabilities to a considerable extent. The present study employs a qualitative methodology to evaluate the accessibility of the public transport system in the city of Győr, Hungary. This evaluation is based on field study, photographic documentation, and a user survey, the latter of which was conducted to support the findings derived from the qualitative methods employed. The analysis identifies four main categories of accessibility barriers: pedestrian environment barriers, stop infrastructure barriers, transport-information barriers, and vehicle-boarding barriers. The findings indicate that inadequate pedestrian environments, poorly designed stops, insufficient tactile and auditory guidance, and difficulties in boarding vehicles significantly restrict accessibility for users with disabilities. This paper proposes practical recommendations and solutions that have the potential to enhance accessibility and ensure compliance with accessibility standards.
Open Access: Yes
Sustainability of On-Demand Public Transportation from the Customer Perspective
Publication Name: Chemical Engineering Transactions
Publication Date: 2023-01-01
Volume: 107
Issue: Unknown
Page Range: 427-432
Description:
The goal of this article is to examine the sustainability aspects of on-demand public transportation systems. Demand-based transport systems have many benefits, including reducing traffic congestion, thereby reducing air pollution, and offering more sustainable transport alternatives in urban areas. In addition, they can provide complementary systems to existing transit networks and increase overall mobility, as these services can efficiently meet high-level transportation needs. In this adaptive service context, sustainability aspects are also of great importance, both in terms of reducing harmful emissions and energy consumption. There is a great need for process-based approaches in terms of service development and operation. The present research examines the preferences of potential travelers with the help of a questionnaire, aiming to examine what attributes customers would prefer in case of such a service, including time, flexibility, and sustainability, showing what type of service would be the most popular based on the respondents' opinion. 229 answers were collected, showing that respondents value flexibility and the shortening of waiting time and traveling time, but they would also like services that offer more environmentally friendly vehicles, such as electric vans or buses.
Open Access: Yes
DOI: 10.3303/CET23107072
Evaluating Stakeholder Opinion on Traffic Engineering Devices to Improve Pedestrian Crossing Safety Around Schools in Small Villages
Publication Name: Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems
Publication Date: 2025-01-01
Volume: 1258 LNNS
Issue: Unknown
Page Range: 58-68
Description:
Despite the greater attention and investment in pedestrian safety measures typically allocated to urban areas, rural villages are frequently overlooked in this respect. A school zone typically applied in urban contexts, refers to a road network surrounding a school where younger pedestrians are likely to be present. The research objective was to gain insight into the traffic preferences of key stakeholders, including teachers, pupils, parents, and representatives of the road authority, regarding the safety of pedestrian crossings in the vicinity of small village schools. A survey was conducted at selected primary schools with relatively high traffic volumes and a high risk of pedestrian accidents. The survey evaluated six different types of designated pedestrian crossings equipped with different traffic engineering devices. The results of the Spearman rank correlation analysis indicate a high degree of alignment between the perspectives of parents and school pupils. At the same time, those of road professionals diverge significantly from those of parents. The teachers’ perspectives exhibit moderate alignment with those of school pupils and road professionals, positioning them in a middle ground between these two groups. The findings demonstrate that the traffic engineering measures deemed safe by road users do not always correspond with those preferred by road professionals. A discrepancy between perceived and actual safety is frequently observed. To address this discrepancy, it is crucial to educate pedestrians about the advantages of safety devices that engineers have identified as effective. Concurrently, it would be prudent for those responsible for the management of roadways to give due consideration to the preferences of pedestrians during their planning activities.
Open Access: Yes
Overall Equipment Effectiveness-Related Assembly Pattern Catalogue based on Machine Learning
Publication Name: Manufacturing Technology
Publication Date: 2023-06-01
Volume: 23
Issue: 3
Page Range: 276-283
Description:
Nowadays, a lot of data is generated in production and also in the domain of assembly, from which different patterns can be extracted using machine learning methods with the support of data mining. With the help of the revealed patterns, the assembly operations and processes can be further optimized, thus the profit achieved can be increased. This article attempts to explore the patterns related to the most used Key Performance Indicator (KPI) in manufacturing, the Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) metric. The patterns and relationships discovered will be sorted into Assembly Pattern Catalogue (APC). Firstly, a literature review demonstrates scientific relevance. Secondly, it examines the circumstances and methods of samples in the Manufacturing Execution System (MES) data source and Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems. In the third section, the detailed pattern catalogue is defined in the area of assembly. The novelty of the article is that beyond the generalization of patterns, it characterizes the pattern catalogue with mentioning practical industrial examples.
Open Access: Yes
From vérszerződés 'blood oath' to vérciki 'bloody awkward': Cultural conceptualization of VÉR 'blood' in Hungarian
Publication Name: Magyar Nyelvor
Publication Date: 2020-01-01
Volume: 144
Issue: 1
Page Range: 103-122
Description:
Historical, ethnographic, and theological studies witness the diversified symbolism and decisive cultural role of 'blood'. The paper explores the role of the body fluid concerned in conceptualization, from the point of view of cognitive-cultural linguistics. The aim is to unfold the metaphorical and metonymic domains of Hungarian vér 'blood' and the culture-specific factors of world view (beliefs and events) that determine the role of that body fluid in the cultural cognition of the Hungarian community, on the basis of relevant expressions found in standard handbooks and data of the Hungarian National corpus. such factors include death, kinship, human nature, vitality, emotion, intensity, and malediction. The paper depicts conceptualizations of 'blood' and its profiled features in the individual domains in a network.
Open Access: Yes
Design of an Energy-Efficient SHA-3 Accelerator on Artix-7 FPGA for Secure Network Applications
Publication Name: Computers
Publication Date: 2026-01-01
Volume: 15
Issue: 1
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
As the demand for secure communication and data integrity in embedded and networked systems continues to grow, there is an increasing need for cryptographic solutions that provide robust security while efficiently using energy and hardware resources. Although software-based implementations of SHA-3 provide design flexibility, they often struggle to meet the performance and power limitations of constrained environments. This study introduces a hardware-accelerated SHA-3 solution tailored for the Xilinx Artix-7 FPGA. The architecture includes a fully pipelined Keccak-f [1600] core and incorporates design strategies such as selective loop unrolling, clock gating, and pipeline balancing to enhance overall efficiency. Developed in VHDL and synthesised using Vivado 2024.2.2, the design achieves a throughput of 1.35 Gbps at 210 MHz, with a power consumption of 0.94 W—yielding an energy efficiency of 1.44 Gbps/W. Validation using NIST SHA-3 vectors confirms its reliable performance, making it a promising candidate for secure embedded systems, including IoT platforms, edge devices, and real-time authentication applications.
Open Access: Yes
