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Found 6289 publications

Issues about autonomous cars

Claudiu Radu Pozna Csaba Antonya

Publication Name: Saci 2016 11th IEEE International Symposium on Applied Computational Intelligence and Informatics Proceedings

Publication Date: 2016-07-07

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 13-18

Description:

The Autonomous car is a complex topic, different technical fields like: Automotive engineering, Control engineering, Informatics, Artificial Intelligence etc. are involved in solving the human driver replacement with an artificial (agent) driver. The problem is even more complicated because usually, nowadays, having and driving a car defines our lifestyle. This means that the mentioned (major) transformation is also a cultural issue. The paper will start with the mentioned cultural aspects related to a self-driving car and will continue with the big picture of the system.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1109/SACI.2016.7507360

Closed loop voltage control of a solenoid using parallel finite element method

Miklós Kuczmann Daniel Marcsa

Publication Name: COMPEL the International Journal for Computation and Mathematics in Electrical and Electronic Engineering

Publication Date: 2016-07-04

Volume: 35

Issue: 4

Page Range: 1439-1449

Description:

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to present the importance of model accuracy in closed loop control by the help of parallel finite element model of a voltage-fed solenoid with iron core. Design/methodology/approach - The axisymmetric formulation of the domain decomposition-based circuit-coupled finite element method (FEM) is embedded in a closed loop control system. The control parameters for the proportional-integral (PI) controller were estimated using the step response of the analytical, static and dynamic model of the solenoid. The controller measures the error of the output of the model after each time step and controls the applied voltage to reach the steady state as fast as possible. Findings - The results of the closed loop system simulation show why the model accuracy is important in the stage of the controller design. The FEM offers higher accuracy that the analytic model attained with magnetic circuit theory, because the inductance and resistance variation already take into account in the numerical calculation. Furthermore, parallel FEM incorporating domain decomposition to reduce the increased computation time. Originality/value - A closed loop control with PI controllers is applied for a voltage driven finite element model. The high computation time of the numerical model in the control loop is decreased by the finite element tearing and interconnecting method with direct and iterative solver.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1108/COMPEL-09-2015-0339

Influence of the Tensor Product Model Representation Of QLPV Models on The Feasibility of Linear Matrix Inequality

Alexandra Szollosi Péter Baranyi

Publication Name: Asian Journal of Control

Publication Date: 2016-07-01

Volume: 18

Issue: 4

Page Range: 1328-1342

Description:

The present paper proves that the vertexes of the tensor product (TP) model type polytopic representation of a given quasi linear parameter varying (qLPV) state-space model strongly interfere with the feasibility regions of linear matrix inequality (LMI)-based control design methods. Furthermore this is valid both for the LMI-based feasibility of the controller and the observer design, but the influence differs for the controller and the observer system components. More specifically, the factors influencing the feasibility regions of the LMI-based control design include: (i) the manipulation of the vertexes' position; and (ii) the size and complexity of the TP model type polytopic representation, i.e. the number of the vertexes contained in the TP model representation. The proof is based on a complex control design example, where the influence of these factors stated above can be easily and clearly indicated. Furthermore the paper shows via the example that the maximal parameter space of the controller and observer also depends on these factors. The example model consists of the complex Nonlinear Aeroelastic Test Apparatus (NATA) model of the three degree of freedom aeroelastic wing section model including Stribeck friction and the control design method is based on the relaxed TP model transformation-based control design framework that supports the flexible manipulation of these factors.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1002/asjc.1238

Differential expression of six genes in fat-type Hungarian Mangalica and other pigs

Zoltán Simon Károly Tempfli László Pongrácz Barbara Kiss Klaudia Szalai Ágnes Bali Papp

Publication Name: Archives Animal Breeding

Publication Date: 2016-06-14

Volume: 59

Issue: 2

Page Range: 259-265

Description:

In order to identify potential variances in gene expression of phenotypically different pig breeds, six fat-metabolism-related genes were analyzed in backfat and muscle tissues of fat-type Mangalica (MAN), Mangalica x Duroc (MD), and lean-type Hungarian Large White (HLW) and Pietrain x Duroc (PD) pigs by means of quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR). Higher (P < 0.05) adipocyte fatty-acid-binding protein (A-FABP) expression was observed in backfat and muscle tissues of purebred and crossbred MAN than in those of HLW and PD. In all breeds and crosses, adiponectin (ADIPOQ) was predominantly expressed in backfat at a similar level (P > 0.05), whereas muscle ADIPOQ expression was highest (P < 0.05) in MAN and MD. Levels of fatty acid synthase (FASN) mRNA were greatest in MAN, moderate in MD, and lowest in HLW and PD backfat and muscle. The fat mass and obesity-associated gene (FTO) was more abundant in MAN and MD backfat, whereas muscle expressions did not differ (P > 0.05) between breeds. Regarding leptin (LEP) expression, MAN produced the greatest levels in backfat, while HLW produced the lowest. In muscle, highest LEP was detected in MAN and MD. Between groups, perilipin 2 (PLIN2) was expressed similarly in backfat; however, PLIN2 was more abundant in muscle of MAN and MD than in that of HLW and PD. Differences in gene expression can contribute to the development of the characteristic fatty phenotype in MAN pigs. The identification of differentially expressed genes facilitates targeted sequencing and genotyping efforts for further studies.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.5194/aab-59-259-2016

Simulation of an active cooling system for photovoltaic modules

Lotfi Abdelhakim

Publication Name: Aip Conference Proceedings

Publication Date: 2016-06-08

Volume: 1738

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Photovoltaic cells are devices that convert solar radiation directly into electricity. However, solar radiation increases the photovoltaic cells temperature [1] [2]. The temperature has an influence on the degradation of the cell efficiency and the lifetime of a PV cell. This work reports on a water cooling technique for photovoltaic panel, whereby the cooling system was placed at the front surface of the cells to dissipate excess heat away and to block unwanted radiation. By using water as a cooling medium for the photovoltaic solar cells, the overheating of closed panel is greatly reduced without prejudicing luminosity. The water also acts as a filter to remove a portion of solar spectrum in the infrared band but allows transmission of the visible spectrum most useful for the PV operation. To improve the cooling system efficiency and electrical efficiency, uniform flow rate among the cooling system is required to ensure uniform distribution of the operating temperature of the PV cells. The aims of this study are to develop a 3D thermal model to simulate the cooling and heat transfer in Photovoltaic panel and to recommend a cooling technique for the PV panel. The velocity, pressure and temperature distribution of the three-dimensional flow across the cooling block were determined using the commercial package, Fluent. The second objective of this work is to study the influence of the geometrical dimensions of the panel, water mass flow rate and water inlet temperature on the flow distribution and the solar panel temperature. The results obtained by the model are compared with experimental results from testing the prototype of the cooling device.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1063/1.4952279

The examination of the corporate governance system at supplier companies: Empirical evidence from Hungarian automotive industry

Ida Ercsey

Publication Name: Journal of Competitiveness

Publication Date: 2016-06-01

Volume: 8

Issue: 2

Page Range: 70-86

Description:

Information management and the organizational structure can contribute to the firms' competitive advantage and business success. In the first part of our study we summarize the results we obtained by analyzing the corporate governance system in connection with the structure of enterprises and their decision making. Then we have an insight into the leadership style of the suppliers from the point of view of the participation of the staff in decision making. In the second part we analyze the information management of the supplier companies on the basis of the answers from the management. We evaluate the strategic and the operational concept of information management, proceeding from the strategy-making activity. The accomplishment of permanent renewal and willingness to innovate are both indispensable for achieving elasticity in organizations. We explore how the suppliers introduce innovation in connection with the firm structure and the information system. Finally, we consider how some essential company characteristics, namely company size, ownership, region, and the width of the product assortment, affect various company functions.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.7441/joc.2016.02.06

Stability analysis and performance comparison of five 6to4 relay implementations

Sándor Répás Viktor Horváth Gábor Lencse

Publication Name: Infocommunications Journal

Publication Date: 2016-06-01

Volume: 8

Issue: 2

Page Range: 1-10

Description:

Even though the present form of IPv6 has been existing since 1998, the adoption of the new protocol has been very slow until recently. To help the adoption of the IPv6 protocol, several transition technologies were introduced. The 6to4 protocol is one of them, and it can be used when an IPv6 enabled host resides in an IPv4 only environment and needs to communicate with other hosts in such circumstances or with native IPv6 hosts. Five open source 6to4 relay implementations were investigated: Debian Linux - sit, Debian Linux - v4tunnel, OpenWrt - sit, FreeBSD - stf, NetBSD - stf. The measurement method is fully described including our measurement scripts and the results of the measurements are disclosed in detail. The measurements have shown that there are major differences between the different types of implementations.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: DOI not available

Recognition of built-up and non-built-up areas from road scenes

Gabriella Kosztolanyi-Ivan Csaba Koren A. Borsos

Publication Name: European Transport Research Review

Publication Date: 2016-06-01

Volume: 8

Issue: 2

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Purpose: In many cases, it does not follow from the road design, whether the given scene is within or outside the posted built-up area. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate road scenes, how far they can be considered being of built-up and non-built-up nature, as well as to identify road scenes which are ambiguous and therefore less safe. Methods: Two methods were used to assess the degree of unambiguous or ambiguous nature of road scenes. In the first approach, a survey of requested speeds at various road scenes was performed with 500 respondents. Here clearly non-built-up and built-up sites, as well as unclear sites were compared. In the second method, the recognition process of drivers was simulated by an image classification software. The classifier was trained by 100 clearly built-up and 100 non-built-up pictures. Four test runs followed, each using 200 pictures from different roads. Results: From the speed choice study, results have shown that in unclear situations (e.g. transition between built-up and non-built-up areas) the standard deviation of chosen speeds is higher than in unambiguous situations. In the image classification study the trained classifier worked well for road scenes which are definitely of built-up or non-built-up nature. Furthermore, as expected, for unclear situations, the classifier gave uncertain classifications. Conclusions: Each of the two methods produces an output indicator, the standard deviation of speeds and the certainty score, respectively. Both indicators can serve to identify road scenes leading to uncertain and therefore risky situations.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1007/s12544-016-0205-9

Investigating ABCB1-mediated drug-drug interactions: Considerations for in vitro and in vivo assay design

Zsuzsanna Rajnai Péter Szerémy László Muka Zsolt Fekete Péter Krajcsi Tasha K. Ritchie Zsolt Sáfár Gábor Imre Balázs Vaskó Joseph K. Zolnerciks Krisztina Herédi-Szabó Isabelle Ragueneau-Majlessi Károly Mogyorósi Franciska Erdo

Publication Name: Current Drug Metabolism

Publication Date: 2016-06-01

Volume: 17

Issue: 5

Page Range: 430-455

Description:

Background: ABCB1 is a key ABC efflux transporter modulating the pharmacokinetics of a large percentage of drugs. ABCB1 is also a site of transporter mediated drug-drug interactions (tDDI). It is the transporter most frequently tested for tDDIs both in vitro and in the clinic. Objective: Understanding the limitations of various in vitro and in vivo models, therefore, is crucial. In this review we cover regulatory aspects of ABCB1 mediated drug transport as well as inhibition and the available models and methods. We also discuss protein structure and mechanistic aspects of transport as ABCB1 displays complex kinetics that involves multiple binding sites, potentiation of transport and probe-dependent IC50 values. Results: Permeability of drugs both passive and mediated by transporters is also a covariate that modulates apparent kinetic values. Levels of expression as well as lipid composition of the expression system used in in vitro studies have also been acknowledged as determinates of transporter activity. ABCB1-mediated clinical tDDIs are often complex as multiple transporters as well as metabolic enzymes may play a role. This complexity often masks the role of ABCB1 in tDDIs. Conclusion: It is expected that utilization of in vitro data will further increase with the refinement of simulations. It is also anticipated that transporter humanized preclinical models have a significant impact and utility.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.2174/1389200217666160105111304