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Publications - 6383

Minimal Non-C-Perfect Hypergraphs with Circular Symmetry

Pál Pusztai Zsolt Tuza Péter Bence Czaun Levente Sebők

Publication Name: Symmetry

Publication Date: 2023-05-01

Volume: 15

Issue: 5

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

In this research paper, we study 3-uniform hypergraphs (Formula presented.) with circular symmetry. Two parameters are considered: the largest size (Formula presented.) of a set (Formula presented.) not containing any edge (Formula presented.), and the maximum number (Formula presented.) of colors in a vertex coloring of (Formula presented.) such that each (Formula presented.) contains two vertices of the same color. The problem considered here is to characterize those (Formula presented.) in which the equality (Formula presented.) holds for every induced subhypergraph (Formula presented.) of (Formula presented.). A well-known objection against (Formula presented.) is where (Formula presented.), termed “monostar”. Steps toward a solution to this approach is to investigate the properties of monostar-free structures. All such (Formula presented.) are completely identified up to 16 vertices, with the aid of a computer. Most of them can be shown to satisfy (Formula presented.), and the few exceptions contain one or both of two specific induced subhypergraphs (Formula presented.), (Formula presented.) on five and six vertices, respectively, both with (Formula presented.) and (Formula presented.). Furthermore, a general conjecture is raised for hypergraphs of prime orders.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/sym15051114

Antioxidant and polyphenol content of different Vitis vinifera seed cultivars and two facilities of production of a functional bakery product

E. Lakatos V. Kapcsándi Székelyhidi Rita Beatrix Sik László Ádám Linka

Publication Name: Chemical Papers

Publication Date: 2021-11-01

Volume: 75

Issue: 11

Page Range: 5711-5717

Description:

This study aimed to examine the differences between the antioxidant capacity, and the total polyphenol content of the seed of eight different grape varieties. We also attempt to create a functional loaf enriched with grape seed meal. To achieve this goal, 3, 6, and 9% of the grape seed meal were added to the loaves made of bread flour and gluten-free flour mixture, and then the changes in their antioxidant and polyphenol content were examined. Based on the results, there were significant differences between the polyphenol and antioxidant content of grape seed varieties. The antioxidant content of the grape seeds varied between 228.50 mg AAE/g (94.80 mg TE/g) and 438.33 mg AAE/g (181.86 mg TE/g) in case of fatty samples, and between 176.29 mg AAE/g (41.24 mg TE/g) and 424.91 mg AAE/g (99.40 mg TE/g) in case of defatted samples. The total polyphenol content of the fatty samples changed between 91.16 and 221.81 mg GAE/g; in case of defatted samples, it ranged from 46.01 to 207.68 mg GAE/g. Rhine Riesling contained the greatest amount of these compounds. The functionality of loafs was confirmed by spectrophotometric analysis. Total polyphenol content ranged from 0.91 to 3.16 mg GAE/g in case of wheat loafs, and from 1.39 to 5.92 mg GAE/g in case of gluten-free loafs, while the total antioxidant content changed between 0.70 and 6.44 mg AAE/g in case of wheat loafs, and ranged from 2.55 to 9.75 in case of gluten-free loafs. Graphic abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1007/s11696-021-01754-0

Investigation of Lubrication Capability of Zinc Oxide-Reinforced Nanolubricants in Automotive Applications †

D. Tóth I. Szabó

Publication Name: Engineering Proceedings

Publication Date: 2024-01-01

Volume: 79

Issue: 1

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

This article aims to introduce the tribological investigation of nanoscale zinc oxide particles as friction and wear reduction additives in the automotive industry and to present the results of the measurements. The surface-activated nanoparticles were homogenized into a neat Group-III-type base oil at five different concentrations, and their tribological properties were tested using a simplified ball-on-disc tribosystem. The arising wear scar images were investigated, and the occurred wear volume values were also calculated using a confocal microscope. The evaluation presented excellent friction and wear reduction properties, especially at higher concentrations (0.4 and 0.5 wt%). The authors would like to highlight the tribological decreasing potentials provided by such nanoparticles. Nanoparticle-reinforced lubricants can be one of the future solutions to developing operating machines with an achievable maximum energy efficiency.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/engproc2024079087

Water Use Efficiency and Productivity of Irrigated Rice Cultivation in Nigeria: An Application of the Stochastic Frontier Approach

Khalid Mushtaq Laszlo Vasa Magdalena Radulescu Asghar Ali Sajjad Ahmad Baig Piotr Prus Abdulazeez Hudu Wudil Muhammad Usman

Publication Name: Sustainability Switzerland

Publication Date: 2023-05-01

Volume: 15

Issue: 10

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

In the face of declining water resources and low agricultural water productivity, it is vital to increase agricultural production efficiency and efficiency of water usage. The efficacy of irrigating rice fields in Nigeria is evaluated here using a stochastic frontier analysis. This is a parametric frontier that is assumed to have half-normal distribution, allowing the model to be separated from normal errors in a composite error model. Samples of 382 surveys were used in the study; out of the total number, 361 surveys were retrieved and used for the analysis. The analytical tools used in the study are: gross margin, water productivity analysis, and stochastic frontier approach. The results indicate an average yield of 4.69 and 4.94 tons/hectare, and net farm income of $415 and $364 for the farmers using canal irrigation and farmers using tube wells, respectively. The results also showed physical and economic water productivity of 0.51 kg/m3 and $0.11/m3 for canal water users, and 0.568 kg/m3 and $0.10/m3 for tube well users. The canal water users had a mean irrigation water use efficiency of 0.76, compared to 0.70 for the tube well users. The study recommends that effective extension services and their coverage be enhanced to provide adequate training to rice farmers on water use efficiency and the transfer of innovations and farming technologies to farmers.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/su15107824

Evaluation of the Unsaturated Shear Strength Parameters of Compacted, Heaving Soil Using Geotechnical Properties

Elizabeth Theron Armand Augustin Fondjo Richard P. Ray

Publication Name: E3s Web of Conferences

Publication Date: 2023-04-24

Volume: 382

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

The shear strength is a fundamental property of soil material under structural loads. The determination of shear strength properties of unsaturated soils is challenging and time-consuming. Geotechnical predictive models can be utilized to assess the unsaturated shear strength of heaving soil. This study attempts to propose predictive models to evaluate the unsaturated shear strength parameters of compacted heaving soil. These parameters include the angle of internal friction associated with the net normal stress (φ), angle indicating the rate of increase in shear strength with respect to a change in matric suction (φb), and effective cohesion (c'). The geotechnical properties of soils were assessed through laboratory tests such as particle size distribution, consistency limits, specific gravity, modified Proctor compaction test, swelling test, suction test, and advanced triaxial testing. Multivariate analysis was conducted using NCSS 12 software to design the models. The validation of models includes the determination coefficient, probability value, comparing experimental values with predicted values, and comparing the developed models with other model found in recent literature. The models engineered in this study can estimate the unsaturated shear strength parameters of compacted heaving soil with acceptable precision.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1051/e3sconf/202338202002

School Streets: Transforming Urban Spaces for Safer Student Commuting

Petra Szakonyi Emese Makó

Publication Name: Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems

Publication Date: 2026-01-01

Volume: 1768 LNNS

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 66-71

Description:

This study provides a comprehensive review of the concept of School Streets, emphasising their role in enhancing traffic safety, accessibility, and community well-being. By analysing successful implementations across several European cities, practical strategies and interventions were identified that facilitate the transformation of urban spaces around schools into safer, child-friendly environments. This is the first study to evaluate the feasibility of School Streets in Hungary through on-site assessments of 30 schools, providing locally grounded, evidence-based recommendations for context-specific implementation. Additionally, the research assesses the feasibility of establishing School Streets in Hungary by examining 30 local schools, considering factors such as existing infrastructure, community needs, and potential obstacles. Tailored recommendations are developed to support policymakers and urban planners in designing and implementing context-specific solutions. The findings underscore the significant benefits of School Streets in reducing traffic hazards, promoting active mobility, and fostering healthier, more engaged communities. Ultimately, this work advances sustainable and child-centric urban mobility practices, offering practical insights for creating safer, more inclusive school environments across Hungary and Europe.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-032-13898-9_7

Polymer and Fiber Modification of Asphalt Mixtures

Richárd Nagy Mohammad Fahad

Publication Name: Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems

Publication Date: 2026-01-01

Volume: 1768 LNNS

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 1-15

Description:

The incorporation of various fibers into SBS-modified asphalt mixtures can markedly enhance their performance, offering a more economical approach than simply increasing the SBS content. This research investigated the effects of adding Basalt, Polyester, and Lignin fibers to a bitumen binder modified with 3% SBS and compared the results to a 7% SBS mixture without fibers. Laboratory evaluations, including indirect tensile strength and Dynamic Shear Rheometer (DSR) testing, were carried out to assess the mechanical properties of the mixtures. Additionally, finite element simulations based on the Burgers-Logit model were performed, along with microstrain analyses, to examine rutting and fatigue behavior, providing further context to the experimental findings. Results indicated that fiber-reinforced mixtures exhibited superior performance, with noticeable improvements in tensile strength and complex shear modulus. Among the fibers tested, Basalt fiber delivered the highest overall performance, surpassing the other types. Notably, the mixture containing Basalt fiber showed a 25% increase in rutting resistance and a 28% enhancement in fatigue damage resistance relative to the 7% SBS mixture.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-032-13898-9_1

Curcumin modulates NF-κB and Nrf2 pathways to mitigate inflammation, oxidative stress, and virulence in Pseudomonas aeruginosa-infected bronchial epithelial cells

U. Saeed Z. Z. Piracha Zhen Ma Jiyan Lin

Publication Name: Archives of Microbiology

Publication Date: 2026-06-01

Volume: 208

Issue: 6

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia is characterized by excessive inflammation, oxidative damage, and virulence-driven epithelial injury. Targeting host inflammatory and antioxidant pathways, alongside bacterial virulence factors, may offer a complementary strategy to mitigate infection-induced damage. Curcumin, a bioactive compound from Curcuma longa, possesses established anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, but its effects on epithelial responses during bacterial infection remain incompletely defined. This study evaluated the impact of curcumin on NF-κB and Nrf2 signaling, inflammatory and oxidative responses, bacterial virulence, and epithelial repair in a cell-based model of P. aeruginosa–induced airway injury. Human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells were pretreated with curcumin (10 µM) prior to infection with P. aeruginosa (1 × 10⁷ CFU/mL; MOI = 10). Cell viability, oxidative stress, cytokine production, bacterial load, and epithelial regeneration were assessed using MTT, DCFDA, qPCR, ELISA, while Western blotting and confocal microscopy characterized molecular and morphological changes. Curcumin pretreatment improved cell viability (~ 87% vs. ~64% in infected), attenuated NF-κB activation and cytokine expression, and enhanced Nrf2 pathway activity (HO-1, NQO1). Reactive oxygen species levels were reduced (~ 250% to ~ 140%), LasR expression and intracellular bacterial burden were decreased, and epithelial wound closure were partially restored compared with infected controls. Collectively, these findings indicate that curcumin modulates inflammatory, oxidative, and virulence-associated pathways and supports epithelial repair in P. aeruginosa-infected bronchial epithelial cells, suggesting potential relevance as a host-directed adjunct rather than a direct antimicrobial agent.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1007/s00203-026-04863-0

A large sample cross-sectional study on mental health challenges among adolescents and young adults during the COVID-19 pandemic at-risk group for loneliness and hopelessness during the COVID-19 pandemic

Ferenc Ihász Johanna Takács Zsolt Bálint Katona

Publication Name: Journal of Affective Disorders

Publication Date: 2023-03-15

Volume: 325

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 770-777

Description:

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has posed unprecedented challenges for societies. Emerging data have indicated that the younger population are the most vulnerable group to the development of mental health problems during this pandemic. The present study aimed to examine the effects of the changes in health behaviors on mental health problems to identify an at-risk group among adolescents and young adults. Methods: In the present cross-sectional study, secondary school students (N = 2556) ages 15–21 years participated in Hungary. A self-report questionnaire was developed to measure the changes in health behaviors. Mental health problems were measured by the Beck Hopelessness Scale and the 20-item UCLA Loneliness Scale. Results: A significant proportion of the students showed moderate/severe hopelessness or high loneliness which were more pronounced among adolescent females. An at-risk group was identified among adolescents and young adults. Students who have a lower number of friends, spend less time in front of a screen, and feel lonely often/very often are more likely to have moderate/severe hopelessness with high loneliness. Limitations: All data were collected online, and students completed the questionnaires voluntarily. Cross-sectional, non-preregistered study. Conclusions: Loneliness and hopelessness were prevalent in the young population during the COVID-19 pandemic. The at-risk group of adolescents characterized by moderate/severe hopelessness with high loneliness highlights the need for follow-up mental health to avoid future poor mental and physical health. It is also recommended to develop effective interventions targeted to gender and age, with the promotion of resiliencies and buffers against vulnerabilities of negative life events.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.01.067