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Publications - 6278

Primitive reflexes as behavioral biomarkers of cognitive aging: associations with physical activity and resilience—a pilot study

Ferenc Ihász Johanna Takács István Barthalos Eliza Toth Anna Horváth-Pápai Zoltán Alföldi

Publication Name: Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience

Publication Date: 2025-01-01

Volume: 17

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Introduction: Primitive reflexes (PRs) are brainstem-mediated automatic responses that typically disappear in early life, but may reappear in older age, which may be associated with neurodegenerative processes. But the presence of PRs in cognitively healthy adults has not yet been sufficiently explored. The relationship between PRs and cognitive functioning (COG) may be influenced by modifiable factors such as physical activity (PA) and psychological resilience. This cross-sectional observational pilot study aimed to investigate the mediating and moderating role of physical activity and resilience in the association between primitive reflexes and cognitive functioning in older adults. Methods: A total of 30 older adults (mean age 73.4 ± 6.9 years; 80% female) living in residential care facilities were assessed. PRs were evaluated using standardized neurological protocols, COG was measured with the Mini-Mental State Examination, PA with the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire, and resilience with the Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale. Moderation and mediation models were tested using Hayes’ PROCESS macro, controlling for age and BMI. Results: A higher number of primitive reflexes was strongly associated with lower cognitive functioning [COG (r = −0.904, p < 0.001)]. Physical activity showed a significant mediating effect in this association, indicating that more active older adults exhibited better cognitive performance despite the presence of primitive reflexes. Resilience, although correlated with both cognition and physical activity, did not show a mediating or moderating effect. Discussion: These findings highlight primitive reflexes as potential behavioral biomarkers of cognitive aging, and underscore the importance of physical activity as a protective factor that may buffer against neurocognitive decline.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2025.1687512

On wavelet based modeling of radio frequency circuits, parts and electromagnetic fiels

András Fehér Szilvia Nagy

Publication Name: 2010 11th International Workshop on Symbolic and Numerical Methods Modeling and Applications to Circuit Design Sm2acd 2010

Publication Date: 2010-12-01

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Multiresolution or wavelet analysis is widely used in advanced data compression algorithms, and some approaches applied this technique in describing electromagnetic fields. The main goal of the application of MRA is its flexibility, i.e., since the details of the electromagnetic field are not distributed equally over different parts of the system, thus locally different resolution level can be applied. Wavelet based adaptive solution possibilities of differential equations of electromagnetic field are investigated in the followings. The adaptivity of the method means in this case, that the refinement level of the solution can be increased locally, if the accuracy needs it, during the calculations. ©2010 IEEE.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1109/SM2ACD.2010.5672288

POSSIBILITIES OF CREATING CROSS-BORDER TOURIST DESTINATIONS IN EAST-CENTRAL EUROPE

Eva Happ Nikoletta Nemes

Publication Name: Geojournal of Tourism and Geosites

Publication Date: 2024-01-01

Volume: 55

Issue: 3

Page Range: 1066-1075

Description:

Tourism development is one of today's popular tools for mitigating regional inequalities, thus many regions see tourism as an opportunity to break out. This is no different in the case of border regions, where development in this direction is also supported by cross-border, EU-financed or (co-)financed programs. The aim of the paper is to investigate whether there is a real possibility of connecting the areas along the national borders for tourism purposes and creating sustainable tourism in these regions. The study examines the possibility of creating cross-border tourist destinations in three pre-selected areas in the Hungarian-Croatian, Hungarian-Slovenian and North-Western Hungarian-Slovakian border regions during the last two, already closed programming periods. Results of the research show, that cooperation between border countries for real tourism purposes is still possible today, and it only really aimed at creating uniform reception areas that ignore borders in a few cases. After the implementation of the programs, cross-border destinations as sellable tourist products were not created. The study shows that, in the case of two regions, the potential is given and the initiatives aimed at creating cross-border destinations are promising.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.30892/gtg.55308-1280

Interpolative decisions in the fuzzy signature based image classification for liver CT

Ferenc Lilik Melinda Kovacs Szonja Krisztina Szujo László T. Kóczy Szilvia Nagy

Publication Name: IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems

Publication Date: 2021-07-11

Volume: 2021-July

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

In computer aided diagnostics image processing and classification plays an essential role. Image processing experts have been developing solutions for different types of problems, that can be related to image processing, however, due to the sensitivity of the data and the high cost of medical experts, these experimental methods usually have very limited use in real medical practice. The databases that are available are very limited, thus the elsewhere usual and extremely effective convolutional neural network or other automated learning methods are not so easy to adjust for medical image processing. To overcome this difficulty, this paper presents an expert knowledge based method which describes the decision structures by fuzzy signatures. Values of various properties of Computer Tomography images as e.g. density or homogeneity are being considered in these signatures that are different in all case of liver diseases. Because of the low number of samples available, fuzzy sets that describes the leafs of the signatures leads to sparse systems, hence interpolation is needed. However further investigations of other interpolation methods are planned, Stabilized Koczy-Hirota interpolation seems to be appropriate.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1109/FUZZ45933.2021.9494401

Displacement-based failure analysis of metal matrix syntactic foam

Ibolya Zsoldos I. Kozma Dóra Harangozó H. Hargitai

Publication Name: Wit Transactions on Engineering Sciences

Publication Date: 2019-01-01

Volume: 124

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 161-173

Description:

Metal matrix syntactic foams are being used more and more widely thanks to their relative density as well as their perfect energy-absorbing characteristics. Multiple studies concern the economical production of these materials – particularly, how energy absorption as a physical characteristic can be increased. Many studies examined the effects of material choice as well as cell size and wall thickness of reinforcing materials on compressive strength. However, there are only estimated models about descriptions concerning decaying processes of samples from different material composition and geometrical variation. In this study, we introduced an “in situ” examination in order to model the decaying process. We upsetted aluminium-ceramic composite foams cyclically. We reconstructed the geometry of the sample with microcomputed tomography (μCT) technology and digital image processing at certain specified points of the compression test. During the complete decaying process, the process was evaluated with volume change and number of broken hollow particles, as well as elementary particle displacements, orientation and sphericity of the reinforced material.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.2495/MC190161

The triple threat: Understanding the effects of cyber threats, corruption, and money laundering on the business environment

Yuriy Bilan Hanna Yarovenko Yaroslav Reshetniak Serhiy Lyeonov

Publication Name: Equilibrium Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy

Publication Date: 2025-01-01

Volume: 20

Issue: 3

Page Range: 1087-1129

Description:

Research background:Cyber threats, corruption and money laundering are interconnected factors that pose significant challenges to the business environment. Their impact varies based on a country's economic development and the effectiveness of countermeasures. Despite global and national efforts to combat these threats, their combined influence on business conditions requires further examination. Purpose of the article: This study aims to analyse the impact of cyber threats, corruption, and money laundering on the business environment across different country groups. It identifies the most vulnerable aspects of business to triple threats and highlights countries exhibiting anomalies in their ability to counter these illegal practices. Methods: The research utilises data from 125 countries, incorporating the Basel Anti-Money Laundering Index, the National Cyber Security Index, and the Corruption Perceptions Index. Correlation analysis established statistically significant relationships between these threats and business conditions. Cluster analysis identified three country groups based on GDP, ease of doing business, and countermeasure effectiveness. Canonical analysis determined the most affected business sectors, while neural network modelling revealed countries with exceptionally high or low effectiveness in combating these threats. Findings & value added: The most affected areas include tax payments, international trade, contract enforcement, electricity access, and insolvency procedures. Among developed countries, Denmark, Finland, and Norway demonstrate high effectiveness in countering these threats, whereas Bulgaria, Cyprus, and Greece show lower efficiency. In developing nations, China, Thailand, and Kazakhstan exhibit strong countermeasures, while Egypt, Ghana, and Grenada lag behind. Among the least developed countries, Mozambique and Nicaragua show high effectiveness, while Venezuela and Yemen fall into the low-performance category. These findings provide a foundation for enhancing national policies and strategies to strengthen economic security and resilience against financial crimes and cyber threats.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.24136/eq.3846

Global Sustainability Reporting in the Automotive Industry via the eXtensible Business Reporting Language

Árpád Tóth Alex Suta

Publication Name: Chemical Engineering Transactions

Publication Date: 2021-01-01

Volume: 88

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 1087-1092

Description:

Sustainability measurement has become one of the most important topics for automotive manufacturers. The financial reporting practice has been faced with an increased digitization and standardization process, which was enabled by the either voluntary or required implementation of the eXtensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL) platform. The obligatory adaption appeared in European legislation, which covers both financial, and non-financial information. In the current study, we have made a comparison of the most significant European and American automakers' sustainability reports data content to utilize the sustainability XBRL taxonomy adaptation. Using literature, the development of disclosure requirements was reviewed, following which the adaptation to global sustainability standards (GRI, SASB) in reporting was examined from a qualitative point of view, using a text mining methodology. It has been concluded that by the biggest automotive manufacturers the conditions are currently met to a limited extent, but the most significant obstacle is the lack of linking sustainability information to financial impacts. If the financial regulations require OEMs to adapt, and potentially disclose negative information (such as pollution data, penalties) may negatively affect investor perception. Based on the review XBRL is capable to become a global standard, however, reported contents should be carefully audited and linked to objectively verifiable financial data to provide relevant information to investors, decision-makers.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3303/CET2188181

Three step bacterial memetic algorithm

László Gál Rita Lovassy László T. Kóczy

Publication Name: Ines 2010 14th International Conference on Intelligent Engineering Systems Proceedings

Publication Date: 2010-07-26

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 31-36

Description:

In order to study the function approximation performance of Fuzzy Neural Networks built up from fuzzy J-K flip-flop neurons a new learning algorithm, the Three Step Bacterial Memetic Algorithm is proposed. Hybrid evolutionary methods that combine genetic type algorithms with "classic" local search have been applied to perform efficient global search. This novel version of the Bacterial Memetic Algorithm with Modified Operator Execution Order (BMAM) is a recently developed technique of hybrid type. This particular merger of evolutionary and gradient based algorithms combining both global and local search consists of bacterial mutation and, as a second step, the Levenberg-Marquardt (LM) method applied for each clone. This LM step saves in this way some potential solutions that could be lost otherwise after each mutation step. As a third step the LM algorithm is recalled for a few iterations for each individual of the population towards reaching the local optimum. In our novel algorithm various kinds of fast algorithm with less complexity, like Quasi-Newton algorithm, Conjugate Gradient algorithm, and two Backpropagation training algorithms: Gradient Descent and Gradient Descent with Adaptive Learning Rate and Momentum are nested in the bacterial mutation. © 2010 IEEE.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1109/INES.2010.5483817

"System identification" and hermeneutics for long run series of synchronicities in the Pauli-Jung relationship

Peter Varlaki Imre J. Rudas József Bokor

Publication Name: Iccc 2009 IEEE 7th International Conference on Computational Cybernetics

Publication Date: 2009-12-01

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 129-140

Description:

The paper discusses some characteristic symbolic patterns which can be identified in the long run series of synchronicities in the Pauli-Jung cooperation concerning the long run dream series of Pauli. We try to show the paradigm of the modern system and control theory in the typical identifiable structures and symbolic patterns of dreams and synchronistic phenomena using the contemporary and old approaches of Hermeneutics. ©2009IEEE.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1109/ICCCYB.2009.5393949