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Found 6414 publications

A Sustainable Approach for Reversing the Structural Design Process of Steel Structures: From the Traditional Minimum-Weight Approach to the Cutting Losses Minimization

Marco Domaneschi Roberta Di Bari Majid Movahedi Rad Raffaele Cucuzza Giuseppe Carlo Marano

Publication Name: Advances in Transdisciplinary Engineering

Publication Date: 2024-01-01

Volume: 59

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 446-454

Description:

In this research, a Genetic Algorithm (GA) has been developed and the well-known one-dimensional bin packing problem (BPP) has been implemented within the structural optimization process. The Objective Function formulation lies in a marked change of the paradigm in which the target function is represented by the amount of steel required by the factory instead of the structural cost (e.g. weight). The best design is obtained by varying the geometry properties of the members and the cross-section assignation ensuring optimal stock of existing elements. Finally, the structural cost and the Carbon emission are calculated for a spatial reticular dome. The mass of the waste with respect to the mass of the stock, Mwaste/Mstock, is evaluated by adopting both the cutting Stock approach and the traditional approach. The former leads to a waste saving that is almost twice that obtained from the latter. However, no significant differences in terms of carbon emission can be observed by comparing the two approaches.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3233/ATDE240578

Logistic conception for real-time based info-communication system applied in selective waste gathering

István Lakatos Ádám Titrik Tamás Péter

Publication Name: 2017 IEEE 14th International Scientific Conference on Informatics Informatics 2017 Proceedings

Publication Date: 2017-03-27

Volume: 2018-January

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 203-209

Description:

Decreasing of available raw materials, fossil energy source and new approach made recycling necessary and inevitable. For recycling selective waste areas have been placed, where inhabitants can drop their waste for free. Waste containers have different saturation time, while gathering process is predefined, therefore independently whether it is needed or not they will be emptied. Further problem is that there is no optimization on the way to the container, which results in serious environmental load (noise and air pollution). This study deals with high level route optimization to minimize environmental load concerning noise and air pollution and by the application of real-time communication the appropriate containers are only going to be emptied.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1109/INFORMATICS.2017.8327247

Effects of Biostimulant and Zinc (Zn) Treatment on Qualitative and Quantitative Indicators of Winter Rape (Brassica Napus L.)

Renato Kalocsai Zoltán Molnár Viktor Nagy Lajos Kubina Bálint Süle Viktor Nagy Zsolt Giczi

Publication Name: Chemical Engineering Transactions

Publication Date: 2024-01-01

Volume: 114

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 769-774

Description:

Winter rapeseed production has completely changed in Hungary in recent years. The use of hybrids has become commonplace, and intensive cultivation techniques are widespread. At the same time, average yields also increased, making rapeseed one of the most profitable crops. Maintaining profitability is a priority task, and in addition to further increasing average yields, improving quality parameters and crop safety is also decisive. Rapeseed production today faces significant challenges. As a result of climate change, the cultivation routine of decades is changing, and biostimulators are becoming more and more perspective in addition to foliar fertilisation with macro- and microelements. During this research, a 3-year small-plot field experiment was set up with a winter rapeseed indicator. The main objective of the experiment was to study the physiological reactions of rape plants to different doses of Zn and the combined reaction of the biostimulator and Zn. During the experiment, the reaction of the rapeseed test plant on zinc-deficient calcareous chernozem soils was investigated under the influence of different doses of Zn and combined doses of Zn and biostimulation. The aim of the study is to determine whether rapeseed plants respond to zinc supplementation and the combined effect of the bio stimulator and zinc with increased yield and improved nutritional values (protein content, oil content). In the first annual study, two treatments were performed, one in autumn (BBCH 16-18 phenological stage) and one in spring (BBCH 29 phenological stage). Zinc tetramine hydroxide was used in 4 different doses (2, 5, 10, 20 L/ha), zinc tetramine hydroxide enriched with copper in 2 different doses (5 and 10 L/ha), Quantis in the manufacturer's prescribed dose of 2 L/ha, biostimulant enriched with zinc, and a usual foliar fertiliser used in rapeseed growing with Wuxal boron at the dose recommended by the manufacturer. During the growing season, the development of root mass, root length, SPAD values, as well as the yield and oleic acid content were evaluated by mathematical statistical method. It can be stated that there was no significant difference in the root mass, root length, and SPAD values, but there was a significant yield difference in the amount of the crop in the second-year experiment (P = 10 %). Studies have shown that biostimulants have the greatest influence on the development of measured parameters.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3303/CET24114129

Using Fuzzy Cognitive Map approach to model the casual relationships in stakeholder management at companies

Miklós F. Hatwágner Dalia Susniene Adrienn Buruzs András Torma Laszlo T. Koczy

Publication Name: 5th IEEE International Conference on Cognitive Infocommunications Coginfocom 2014 Proceedings

Publication Date: 2014-01-23

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 121-124

Description:

The aim of this paper is to investigate the operation of a Stakeholder Relationship Management System (SRMS) as a method for business management and project support by fuzzy approach. The criteria defined in connection with the SRMS will be modelled by using the Fuzzy Cognitive Map (FCM) approach in order to define the causality and weights of interconnections between the factors and to support decision making in that way.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1109/CogInfoCom.2014.7020431

CRUSHED STONE SUPPLY CHALLENGES FOR INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT IN HUNGARY

Szabolcs Fischer K. Kozma R. Tompa Laszlo Ezsias

Publication Name: Naukovyi Visnyk Natsionalnoho Hirnychoho Universytetu

Publication Date: 2024-01-01

Volume: Unknown

Issue: 6

Page Range: 28-37

Description:

The rapid expansion of Hungary’s infrastructure projects, especially in railway construction, has significantly increased the demand for crushed stone. Both national and EU-funded initiatives have strained supply chains, resulting in logistical challenges and material shortages. With limited domestic production capacity, efficient resource management is crucial to keeping projects on track. This paper evaluates Hungary’s supply chain for crushed stone, identifying key weaknesses and proposing solutions to enhance sustainability. Purpose. This study investigates the logistical and supply chain difficulties in delivering crushed stone for Hungary’s railway infrastructure projects. It evaluates current supply limitations, proposes ways to improve domestic resource management, and offers strategies to reduce reliance on imports while emphasizing sustainability. Methodology. The research applies Geographic Information System (GIS) modeling to analyze transportation routes for crushed stone, suggesting ways to streamline logistics. It examines the production capacities of Hungarian quarries, some producing 15,000–25,000 tons monthly, and assesses the impact of European and Hungarian regulations on material quality and availability. The potential for integrating recycled materials into the supply chain is also explored. Findings. Hungary’s domestic quarries cannot meet the high demand for railway ballast, estimated at 192,000 tons annually, leading to import reliance. GIS modeling shows optimized transportation routes could cut costs and carbon emissions. Incorporating smaller stone fractions and recycled materials could mitigate shortages, with recycled materials potentially comprising 40 % of railway ballast. Originality. By integrating geological, logistical, and regulatory insights, this paper provides novel approaches for addressing Hungary’s crushed stone supply chain challenges. The use of GIS modeling and recycled materials offers innovative solutions for reducing environmental impacts. Practical value. The findings present actionable strategies for improving Hungary’s supply chain efficiency, promoting recycling, and optimizing logistics. These solutions are applicable to Hungary and other regions facing similar infrastructure material supply challenges.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.33271/nvngu/2024-6/028

Effect of PET Bottle Compaction on the Saturation of the Waste Container

Szabolcs Fischer Ádám Titrik Mykola Sysyn Dmytro Kurhan

Publication Name: Periodica Polytechnica Transportation Engineering

Publication Date: 2026-01-01

Volume: 54

Issue: 1

Page Range: 62-70

Description:

Engineers and users are being pushed by environmental concerns to maximize efficiency while minimizing ecological damage. Waste collection vehicles require fossil fuels during their collection route, as well as when lifting and emptying the containers, even if the design of separate waste collection islands has focused on the idea of recycling. Even in a computer plan–assisted collection, saturated containers may have low waste density, meaning that a sizable portion of the container becomes unusable due to the shape of the waste. To maximize container utilization, this study will investigate the type and compaction potential of each container. The simulation study will provide an answer to the question of how the density of waste placed in the various containers changes as a result of compressing each bottle. The research and development will optimize not only the saturation of the container but also the number of collection routes; in addition to the economic benefits, the environmental load will be reduced. The frequency of lifting and emptying the container will decrease, resulting in reduced maintenance and repair costs for the vehicle′s lifting system and container. It is a misconception that compaction by hand in one place, throughout the diameter of the PET bottle, is the optimum way to increase the efficiency of waste collection. Based on the tests carried out in this paper, foot diameter compaction at full height is considered to be the most appropriate method after the use of a costly compactor.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3311/PPtr.40745

Biomechanical effects of maximal footwear on running: a systematic review and network meta-analysis

Yaodong Gu Gusztáv Fekete Minjun Liang Zixiang Gao Wenlong Li Chen Hu Zifan Xia

Publication Name: Footwear Science

Publication Date: 2026-01-01

Volume: 18

Issue: 1

Page Range: 83-98

Description:

Running is widely recognised for its substantial health benefits; however, it is frequently associated with lower limb injuries caused by repetitive impact forces. To mitigate such injuries, maximal footwear has been developed; nevertheless, evidence comparing its biomechanical effects with those of other footwear types remains inconclusive. A Bayesian network meta-analysis of 14 studies (222 participants) was conducted, based on systematic searches of PubMed, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, Scopus, and Embase (from inception to 12 November 2024). Multiple biomechanical parameters were evaluated, including vertical average loading rate, vertical instantaneous loading rate, impact peak, active peak and ankle peak eversion. The results revealed a complex and sometimes contradictory biomechanical profile for maximal footwear. Specifically, maximal footwear resulted in a significantly higher impact peak compared to both conventional and minimal footwear. In contrast, for the vertical average loading rate, it performed significantly better than minimal footwear but showed no significant difference compared to conventional footwear. For other impact metrics, no significant differences were observed. Notably, maximal footwear was associated with a significantly lower ankle peak eversion compared to minimal footwear, suggesting a potential for greater control of ankle motion.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1080/19424280.2025.2604840

Vision Based Driving Agent for Race Car Simulation Environments

Gergely Bári László Palkovics

Publication Name: Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering

Publication Date: 2026-01-01

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 177-188

Description:

In recent years, autonomous driving has become a popular field of study. As control at tire grip limit is essential during emergency situations, algorithms developed for race cars are useful for road cars too. This paper examines the use of Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) to solve the problem of “grip limit driving” in a simulated environment. Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) method is used to train an agent to control the steering wheel and pedals of the vehicle, using only visual inputs to achieve professional human lap times. The paper outlines the formulation of the task of time optimal driving on a race track as a deep reinforcement learning problem, and explains the chosen observations, actions, and reward functions. The results demonstrate human-like learning and driving behavior that utilize maximum tire grip potential.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1007/978-981-96-6452-8_15

Classification of flours based on color measurements and evaluation using multivariate mathematical methods

Ferenc Kajdi András Horváth Ottó Dóka

Publication Name: Heliyon

Publication Date: 2025-11-01

Volume: 11

Issue: 16

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

The quality of flour and its composition are essential questions for bakeries and customers. In this study, 44 different cereals were studied with colorimetry. The color indices CIE L∗, a∗ and b∗ along with the reflection spectra were measured and evaluated using multivariate statistical methods. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Non-Negative Matrix Factorization (NMF) were applied to characterize reflection functions and reduce the dimensionality of these data. The aim of the study was to determine whether color measurements could differentiate between whole-grain and non-whole-grain flours, and between wheat and non-wheat (triticale and rye) flours. Cluster analysis was performed on the reflection spectral data, L∗a∗b∗ coordinates, PCA coefficients, and NMF weights to identify distinct sample groups. Both dimensionality reduction methods revealed that the wheat samples studied form a four-dimensional subspace in the original multidimensional reflection spectra dataset. Furthermore, the findings confirmed that the applied methods effectively distinguish whole grain from non-whole grain flours and wheat from non-wheat flours.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2025.e44096