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Publications - 6674

Effectiveness of High-Intensity Therapy in Rehabilitation of Parkinson’s Disease Patients

József Tollár Péter Prukner Istvan Drotar Nándor Prontvai Szilvia Kóra Petra Kós György Wersényi

Publication Name: Applied Sciences Switzerland

Publication Date: 2025-06-01

Volume: 15

Issue: 11

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive movement disorder with no cure. In this randomized controlled study, 100 patients with PD were assigned to four intervention groups (Exergame, Cycling, Agility, and Robot) for 14 weeks. This study evaluates the effectiveness of high-intensity therapy in a randomized clinical trial. Exergaming, cycling, agility, and robot therapies improved motor function, postural stability, and cardiovascular health. Heart rate monitoring and Borg Scale ratings confirmed the safety and adaptability of high-intensity training, with patients sustaining moderate-to-high exertion without adverse effects. Significant improvements were observed in gait speed (+0.30–0.50 m/s), Functional Independence Measure (FIM) (+25–30 points), and Berg Balance Scale scores. Integrating high-intensity, functional movement-based therapies into PD rehabilitation may offer superior motor, gait, and cardiovascular benefits compared to conventional methods.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/app15115890

Advances in invasive and non-invasive glucose monitoring: A review of microwave-based sensors

Balazs Benyo J. Geoffrey Chase Katalin Kovacs Ameer B. Alsultani

Publication Name: Sensors and Actuators Reports

Publication Date: 2025-06-01

Volume: 9

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Effective and continuous glucose monitoring is critical in managing diabetes, which remains a global health challenge affecting millions. Traditional invasive glucose monitoring methods, although accurate, cause discomfort and are unsuitable for frequent measurements necessary for optimal diabetes management. To overcome these limitations, microwave-based sensors have emerged as promising alternatives, providing both invasive and non-invasive monitoring capabilities. This review critically evaluates recent advancements in microwave-based glucose sensors, emphasizing their design methodologies, sensitivity, accuracy, and clinical applicability. By leveraging unique dielectric properties of blood and tissues affected by glucose concentrations, microwave sensors enable precise and potentially pain-free glucose measurements. Despite significant progress, existing sensor technologies face challenges including limited sensitivity ranges, interference from biological tissues, and practical considerations for clinical adoption. This paper aims to guide researchers and healthcare providers by highlighting recent technological innovations, addressing current limitations, and suggesting directions for future research to advance glucose monitoring technologies towards widespread clinical use.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.snr.2025.100332

ANALYSIS OF THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE FACTORS INFLUENCING THE UNEMPLOYMENT RATE: A COMPARISON OF THREE ASEAN COUNTRIES

Laszlo Vasa Peter Karacsony Nguyen Thi Khanh Huyen

Publication Name: Transformations in Business and Economics

Publication Date: 2024-01-01

Volume: 23

Issue: 3

Page Range: 345-361

Description:

Socio-economic issues, including inflation, business volatility, overcrowding, poverty, begging, and falling living conditions, are getting worse and worse every day in the modern day. Unemployment is one of the most hazardous and debilitating issues for any economy among such unfathomable issues. Unemployment is a term often used in macroeconomics to refer to the state of people of working age who have full working capacity and need to find a job but do not yet have one. The unemployment rate is an indicator that affects the economic development of a country, and governments often have to have the most effective unemployment rate management policies. The study focuses on inflation factors, including wages, economic growth, and education. Each country has different effects of the above factors on the unemployment rate. This study shows different conclusions across countries. For the overall population, through the analysis of a sample of all three countries, wage and education have a negative impact on the unemployment rate. This is essentially consistent with many other studies where an increase in wages leads to more workers entering the labour force. The studied countries are all major economies in Asia. For a country with a high growth rate like Vietnam, drivers such as increasing wages or boosting education clearly increase job opportunities and simultaneously reduce unemployment.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: DOI not available

Preparing of a Simulation System for an Examination of Non-Conventional Seating Positions in the Case of a Self-Driving Car

Istvan Lakatos Laszlo Porkolab Audi Hungaria

Publication Name: Acta Polytechnica Hungarica

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: 20

Issue: 9

Page Range: 207-226

Description:

In recent years, society has turned it is gaze ever further away from vehicles with conventional drive systems such as the internal combustion engine towards vehicles with electric motors. In the course of these ideas, the concept of autonomous driving is increasingly coming to the forefront and crystallizing as a wish. The article introduces the field of vehicle safety in general and lists possible injury criteria. After that, the current concepts of fully autonomous vehicles will be presented. The aim of the research is to investigate the effect of different rotated seat positions on the injuries of passengers in the event of an accident using a simulation model. The article presents the applied simulation procedure, the simulation results and its validation. The article pointed out that the kinematics of the driver's movement during an accident changes radically as a result of the rotated seat positions, which significantly increases the chance of fatal injuries.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.12700/APH.20.9.2023.9.12

Defining User Coordinate Systems for Industrial Robots in Mixed Reality

Péter Galambos Csaba Hajdu Károly Széll Zoltán Szilágyi Ákos Soós

Publication Name: Cando EPE 2024 Proceedings IEEE 7th International Conference and Workshop Obuda on Electrical and Power Engineering

Publication Date: 2024-01-01

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 225-230

Description:

This article presents a solution to support the identification of important user coordinate systems for creating an industrial robot work programme. The objective of this article is to provide a support tool for users for a task that may arise numerous times during the lifecycle of industrial robots. The solution described in the article offers a developable support tool that can be transferred from the industrial robotics environment to the collaborative robots' application environment, where the proportion of professionally trained and experienced users may be smaller compared to the previously mentioned area. By reducing the time required and improving the quality of task results, it can contribute to increasing the efficiency of robot systems.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1109/CANDO-EPE65072.2024.10772842

Energetic Analysis of Mixed-Flow Grain Dryers: a Case Study in Hungary

Ting Pan Ferenc Péter Speiser Bence Nagy

Publication Name: Chemical Engineering Transactions

Publication Date: 2024-01-01

Volume: 114

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 847-852

Description:

Convective grain drying powered by natural gas is a highly energy-intensive process with a substantial impact on the secure storage of harvested grain. By improving energy efficiency and reducing natural gas consumption, it is possible to decrease the operation's ecological footprint by lowering CO2 emissions. However, previous studies often analyse the drying process as a whole, giving less attention to individual processes. For instance, uneven drying can lead to issues during storage, such as microbial growth and dust accumulation. This paper presents an energetic analysis of mixed-flow grain dryers based on a case study in Hungary for the long term. It examines the fundamental physical characteristics of each dryer and identifies key modifications to ensure proper operation. The paper also introduces a precision drying method that allows fine-tuning of process parameters (e.g., airflow, grain flow) to optimise grain moisture content to the desired level based on large-scale continuous temperature measurements. These measurements can also validate previous modifications, enabling ongoing monitoring of optimal operating conditions via heatmaps.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3303/CET24114142

Numerical Study of the Geogrid Reinforced Soil Wall Incorporating Strain-Softening Constitutive Soil Model

Seyed Ali Emamian R. M. Movahedi Vahid Shafaie Géza Herczeg Mahdi Salari

Publication Name: Advances in Transdisciplinary Engineering

Publication Date: 2024-01-01

Volume: 59

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 327-333

Description:

This study embarks on a numerical exploration of Geogrid Reinforced Soil Walls (GRSW), employing finite difference analysis to compare two soil constitutive models, highlighting the efficacy of a refined strain-softening model. This innovative approach markedly improves the prediction of GRSW performance, particularly aligning the safety factor more closely with real-world observations. Notably, the strain-softening model demonstrates a superior ability over the perfectly plastic model by significantly reducing the mean overall error in predicting maximum geogrid strain overall from 51% to 30%, reflecting a significant 41% improvement in precision, thereby presenting a significant tool for enhancing geotechnical design practices. The research underlines the potential of this model to elevate the safety and reliability of GRSW constructions, contributing to elevated design standards within the field of geotechnical engineering.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3233/ATDE240563

Product Related Values and Sustainability – Deeper Understanding of the Millennials

Adrienn Dernóczy-Polyák Kornelia Osieczko-Potoczna Attila Kurucz

Publication Name: Chemical Engineering Transactions

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: 107

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 151-156

Description:

In addition to increasing productivity, digitisation and automation are an important part of the sustainability issue. Therefore, investments aimed at environmental protection and long-term sustainability appear to be on the rise among companies with strong innovation activities in the industrial environment. This article presents the results of a study that outlines young people's assessment of the automation and digitisation opportunities on offer. In addition to traditional values, the goal is to find out how they perceive the importance of Industry 4.0 solutions in shaping the way a company operates. The survey was conducted in two countries, Hungary and Poland. It sought to answer the question of how groups, which by definition are well-defined by certain demographic characteristics, determine their preferences with regard to the above-mentioned areas and how they differentiate them. Relationships between clusters - based on preference-related differences - with respect to product manufacturing, i.e., variables that are considered important to companies, were examined. It can be concluded that the environmental issues and, due to this, sustainability is not equally important (range: 3.512 to 4.308). The traditional features of the products were important for everyone (4,407 to 4,549), and the smart features were differently evaluated (2,607 to 3,386). Overall, looking at the relationship between sustainability-related values will bring us closer to further typology and a better understanding of the clusters, making them more accessible and easier to understand and thus enabling a more effective strategy to be implemented with a focus on sustainability.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3303/CET23107026

The analysis of urbanization drivers in Kazakhstan: A regional assessment from 2010–2022

Laszlo Vasa Makpal Bekturganova Ainur Amirova Gaukhar Kenzhegulova Assel Bekbossinova

Publication Name: Journal of Infrastructure Policy and Development

Publication Date: 2024-01-01

Volume: 8

Issue: 8

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Urbanization process affects global socio-economic development. Originally tied to modernization and industrialization, current urbanization policy is focused on productivity, economic activities, and environmental sustainability. This study examines impact of urbanization in various regions of Kazakhstan, focusing on environmental, social, labor, industrial, and economic indicators. The study aims to assess how different indicators influence urbanization trends in Kazakhstan, particularly regarding environmental emissions and pollution. It delves into regional development patterns and identifies key contributing factors. The research methodology is based on classical economic theories of urbanization and modern interpretations emphasizing sustainability and socio-economic impacts and includes two stages. Shannon entropy measures diversity and uncertainty in urbanization indicators, while cluster analysis identifies regional patterns. Data from 2010 to 2022 for 17 regions forms the basis of analysis. Regions are categorized into groups based on urbanization levels leaders, challenged, stable, and outliers. This classification reveals disparities in urban development and its impacts. Findings stress the importance of integrating environmental and social considerations into urban planning and policies. Targeted interventions based on regional characteristics and urbanization levels are recommended to enhance sustainability and socio-economic outcomes. Tailored urban policies accommodating specific regional needs are crucial. Effective management and policy-making demand a nuanced understanding of these impacts, emphasizing region-specific strategies over a uniform approach.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.24294/jipd.v8i8.6157