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MULTI-CRITERIA DECISION ANALYSIS OF CIRCULAR ECONOMY PERFORMANCE IN THE BALTIC STATES: A COMPARATIVE EVALUATION

Tomas Baležentis Dalia Streimikiene Justas Streimikis Ahmad Bathaei

Publication Name: Journal of Business Economics and Management

Publication Date: 2025-10-10

Volume: 26

Issue: 5

Page Range: 1050-1070

Description:

This study embarks on a comparative evaluation of Circular Economy (CE) performance in the Baltic States (Latvia, Lithuania, and Estonia) using a ro-bust multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) framework. Drawing on 22 key indicators, the research applies the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) to systematically rank the country-level CE implementation across five thematic dimensions: production and consumption, waste management, secondary raw materials, competitiveness and innovation, and global sustainability. The results reveal that Latvia ranks highest, followed by Lithuania and Estonia, underscoring significant differences in waste management efficiency, investment in CE sectors, and material self-sufficiency. The main contribution of this paper lies in the development of a comprehensive, quantitative bench-marking framework that integrates multiple CE indicators and MCDM methods to assess national performance in a data-driven manner. The methodology developed here can serve as a replicable model for CE assessment in other regional or national contexts.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3846/jbem.2025.24717

Green and Renewable Energy-Related Financial Literacy as the Driver of Sustainable Food Security and Sovereignty in México

Csongor Czipf Absalón J. Salmerón- Zapata José G. Vargas- Hernandez

Publication Name: Climate Resistant Smart Agriculture for Healthy Food Production

Publication Date: 2025-10-09

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 161-192

Description:

This research investigates the crucial link between green and renewable energy-based financial literacy and its effects on promoting sustainable food sovereignty and security in México. The principal findings indicate that farmers who possess higher renewable energy financial literacy are more likely to adopt solar-powered irrigation systems, biomass energy services, and energy-efficient agricultural practices. This adoption not only reduces the cost of operations but also enhances climate change resilience and food production sustainability. The paper concludes that investments in targeted green energy financial literacy programs, coupled with revved-up financing mechanisms for renewable energy technologies in agriculture, can significantly advance México towards its goals of sustainable food security with environmental stewardship. These findings have important policy implications for the development of policy, educational curricula, and financial institution strategy that aim to facilitate México's agricultural transition.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.4018/979-8-3373-4827-8.ch006

Creation of Slag-Containing Composite Material Prototypes Using Powder Metallurgy Methods

Meruyert E. Utegenova Marzhan Sadenova Petar Sabev Varbanov

Publication Name: Engineering Technology and Applied Science Research

Publication Date: 2025-10-06

Volume: 15

Issue: 5

Page Range: 26555-26563

Description:

This study explores the powder metallurgy methods for obtaining slag-containing composite materials that can be utilized in the ceramic industry, and especially in catalysis, as raw materials for the production of building materials, and also as refractories. The main components of the synthesized samples of composite materials are natural aluminosilicates from the east of Kazakhstan and metallurgical slag of lead production. Varying the content of components in the range: slag 10-30 wt.%, bentonite clay 30-40 wt.%, and natural zeolite 40-60 wt.%, a pilot batch of composite materials was obtained. The results show that the samples had high mechanical strength, ranging from 20.7 to 50.53 MPa, after sintering at a temperature of 1000 °C.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.48084/etasr.11991

Financing support programs for internally displaced persons in Ukraine: Effectiveness and needs alignment

Yuriy Bilan Halyna Mishchuk Natalia Samoliuk Halyna Yurchyk

Publication Name: Public and Municipal Finance

Publication Date: 2025-10-03

Volume: 14

Issue: 3

Page Range: 117-129

Description:

The growing number of internally displaced persons (IDPs), combined with challenges in financing social programs during wartime, highlights the importance of ensuring the effectiveness of public spending. This paper aims to examine the effectiveness of state programs supporting IDPs in terms of their alignment with the target group’s needs. The assessment was conducted based on data from a nationally representative sociological survey of IDPs. The analysis of the effectiveness of the housing assistance program for IDPs was conducted using elasticity coefficients that consider price growth and changes in the subsistence minimum. According to IDPs’ assessment, most programs funded from the state budget meet current needs and are rated above the average level, above 2.5 points out of 5. Programs of legal and informational support (3.8), cash assistance (4.3), access to medical care without restrictions (i.e., the requirement to sign a declaration) (3.4), provision of social housing (3.3), and tax deductions under rental agreements (3.2) are considered highly relevant. Low relevance was assigned to assistance with relocating businesses (1.7), grant support for starting a business (2.2), housing loans (2.2), and vocational training through referrals from the State Employment Service (2.4). Conclusions were drawn about the need for periodic monitoring of IDP needs and analyzing the effectiveness of funding while considering price changes and the subsidence minimum. This approach could be used to support decisions regarding the attraction of alternative sources of financing for social programs when state budget funding is insufficient to cover basic living needs of IDPs.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.21511/pmf.14(3).2025.09

Cybersecurity Regulations and Software Resilience: Strengthening Awareness and Societal Stability

Boris Bučko Joseph Squillace Justice Cappella Roland Kelemen Martin Mazuch Ádám Medvácz

Publication Name: Social Sciences

Publication Date: 2025-10-01

Volume: 14

Issue: 10

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

The societal effects of cybersecurity are widely discussed, but it remains less clear how software security regulations specifically contribute to building a resilient society, particularly in relation to Sustainable Development Goals 5 (Gender Equality), 10 (Reduced Inequalities), and 16 (Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions). This study investigates this connection by examining key EU and U.S. strategies through comparative legal analysis, software development (SDLC) case studies, and a normative–sociological lens. Our findings reveal that major regulations—such as the EU’s Cyber Resilience Act and the U.S. SBOM rules—are not merely reactive, but proactively embed resilience as a fundamental mode of operation. This approach structurally reallocates digital risks from users to manufacturers, reframing software security from a matter of compliance to one of social fairness and institutional trust. We conclude that integrating ‘resilience by design’ into technology rules is more than a technical fix; it is a mechanism that makes digital access fairer and better protects vulnerable populations, enabling technology and society to advance cohesively.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/socsci14100578

Enhancing sustainable performance through green human resource management: Green competencies building and green passion playing as a joint moderation

Selim Ahmed Abdullah Al Masud Mohammad Fakhrul Islam Nusrat Sharmin Lipy Md Kazi Hafizur Rahman Md Emon Anika Tasnim Mim

Publication Name: Acta Psychologica

Publication Date: 2025-10-01

Volume: 260

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

This study aims to investigate the moderating effect of green competencies building (GCB) and green passion (GP) on the relationship between green human resource management (GHRM) and sustainable performance (SP). Moreover, it aims to find out the joint moderating effect of GCB and GP on the relationship between GHRM and SP. An online survey was used to gather 410 samples from various manufacturing organizations in Bangladesh, and the data was analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM). The study found that GCB and GP separately and jointly moderate the relationship between GHRM and SP. This study uniquely explores how green competencies and green passion, both individually and jointly, moderate the relationship between GHRM and sustainable performance.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2025.105701

Examining the Determinants of Pedestrian Safety Risks in the Bangkok Metropolitan Region, Thailand

Pawinee Iamtrakul Attila Borsos Sararad Chayphong

Publication Name: Sage Open

Publication Date: 2025-10-01

Volume: 15

Issue: 4

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Transportation systems are complex and multimodal, comprising diverse travel modes that often compete for limited roadway space. However, the diversity of these modes also generates varying levels of exposure and vulnerability, particularly among pedestrians, who represent the most at-risk group of road users. This study investigates the determinants of Pedestrian Safety (PS) within the Bangkok Metropolitan Region (BMR), focusing on behavioral, and environmental risk factors. Data was collected through a structured questionnaire distributed to 1,120 participants who had encountered potentially hazardous situations while walking. Ordinal logistic regression was used to examine the multifaceted influences shaping pedestrian risk behaviors across three user groups: (1) the general pedestrian population, (2) predominant pedestrian mode users, and (3) individuals with prior pedestrian accident experiences. The findings reveal that physical environmental characteristics and perceived behavioral control, particularly the availability and condition of pedestrian-supportive facilities have significant effects on risk-related behaviors. These results highlight the need for a comprehensive and context-sensitive approach to understanding pedestrian risk and for developing targeted interventions and strategic plans aimed at preventing pedestrian-related crashes in rapidly urbanizing environments.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1177/21582440251398603

Fourier Analysis of the Nonlinearity of Surface-Relief Optical Transmission Gratings of Quasi-Sinusoidal Profile Fabricated in Optical Glasses and Crystals by Carbon, Nitrogen and Oxygen Ion Microbeams

Gyula Nagy István Rajta Vladimir Havránek István Bányász Robert Magnusson

Publication Name: Photonics

Publication Date: 2025-10-01

Volume: 12

Issue: 10

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Optical transmission gratings with quasi-sinusoidal surface-relief profiles were inscribed in IOG and Pyrex glasses and in Bi12GeO20, Er: LiNbO3, and Er: Fe: LiNbO3 crystals by microbeams of carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen ions at ion energies of 5, 6, and 10.5 MeV. Grating constants were 4, 8, and 16 μm. Amplitudes of the surface-relief gratings were in the 10–2000 nm range. The diffraction efficiency of the gratings was measured at a wavelength of 640 nm. Maximum diffraction efficiencies were close to the theoretical maximum of 33% for thin gratings. Grating profiles were measured by optical microscopic profilometry. Measurement of the diffraction efficiencies at higher orders and Fourier analysis of the grating profiles revealed the dependence of the residual nonlinearity of the grating profiles on the implanted ion fluence. The ion microbeam-written gratings can be used as light coupling elements in integrated optics for sensors and telecommunication.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/photonics12100978

Application of FPGA Devices in Network Security: A Survey

Sándor Répás Abdulmunem A. Abdulsamad

Publication Name: Electronics Switzerland

Publication Date: 2025-10-01

Volume: 14

Issue: 19

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) are increasingly shaping the future of network security, thanks to their flexibility, parallel processing capabilities, and energy efficiency. In this survey, we examine 50 peer-reviewed studies published between 2020 and 2025, selected from an initial pool of 210 articles based on relevance, hardware implementation, and the presence of empirical performance data. These studies encompass a broad range of topics, including cryptographic acceleration, intrusion detection and prevention systems (IDS/IPS), hardware firewalls, and emerging strategies that incorporate artificial intelligence (AI) and post-quantum cryptography (PQC). Our review focuses on five major application areas: cryptographic acceleration, intrusion detection and prevention systems (IDS/IPS), hardware firewalls, and emerging strategies involving artificial intelligence (AI) and post-quantum cryptography (PQC). We propose a structured taxonomy that organises the field by technical domain and challenge, and compare solutions in terms of scalability, resource usage, and real-world performance. Beyond summarising current advances, we explore ongoing limitations—such as hardware constraints, integration complexity, and the lack of standard benchmarking. We also outline future research directions, including low-power cryptographic designs, FPGA–AI collaboration for detecting zero-day attacks, and efficient PQC implementations. This survey aims to offer both a clear overview of recent progress and a valuable roadmap for researchers and engineers working toward secure, high-performance FPGA-based systems.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/electronics14193894