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Found 6414 publications
The firm geography of Central and Eastern Europe and the Western Balkans
Publication Name: Journal of Urban and Regional Analysis
Publication Date: 2025-01-01
Volume: 17
Issue: 1
Page Range: 5-35
Description:
Over the past three decades, significant socio-economic transformations have reshaped the post-socialist states of Central and Eastern Europe. This study examines the geography of firms with over 10 employees across 15 countries: Albania, Austria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czechia, Hungary, Kosovo, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Poland, Romania, Serbia, Slova-kia, and Slovenia. Using data from over 300,000 firms, the analysis focused on firm size categories, turnover, and activity distribution. The research highlighted disparities between post-socialist and other countries, and it employed descriptive statistics and the framework of agglomeration economies to uncover nuanced spatial patterns. The findings revealed significant differences in business concentration and the functions of small and medium-sized cities, particularly in the regions without a European-scale metropolis, emphasising their role in regional economic and demographic sustainability.
Open Access: Yes
Product Related Values and Sustainability – Deeper Understanding of the Millennials
Publication Name: Chemical Engineering Transactions
Publication Date: 2023-01-01
Volume: 107
Issue: Unknown
Page Range: 151-156
Description:
In addition to increasing productivity, digitisation and automation are an important part of the sustainability issue. Therefore, investments aimed at environmental protection and long-term sustainability appear to be on the rise among companies with strong innovation activities in the industrial environment. This article presents the results of a study that outlines young people's assessment of the automation and digitisation opportunities on offer. In addition to traditional values, the goal is to find out how they perceive the importance of Industry 4.0 solutions in shaping the way a company operates. The survey was conducted in two countries, Hungary and Poland. It sought to answer the question of how groups, which by definition are well-defined by certain demographic characteristics, determine their preferences with regard to the above-mentioned areas and how they differentiate them. Relationships between clusters - based on preference-related differences - with respect to product manufacturing, i.e., variables that are considered important to companies, were examined. It can be concluded that the environmental issues and, due to this, sustainability is not equally important (range: 3.512 to 4.308). The traditional features of the products were important for everyone (4,407 to 4,549), and the smart features were differently evaluated (2,607 to 3,386). Overall, looking at the relationship between sustainability-related values will bring us closer to further typology and a better understanding of the clusters, making them more accessible and easier to understand and thus enabling a more effective strategy to be implemented with a focus on sustainability.
Open Access: Yes
DOI: 10.3303/CET23107026
Economical aspects of 3D virtual collaboration
Publication Name: 8th IEEE International Conference on Cognitive Infocommunications Coginfocom 2017 Proceedings
Publication Date: 2017-07-02
Volume: 2018-January
Issue: Unknown
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
Nowadays, 3D virtual collaboration is becoming increasingly fashionable and widespread, which was made possible by the improvement of end-user hardware and continuous software developments. The application of these tools may result in a number of positive effects on the processes of the given area, but the examination of their specific economic issues is far from being well-explored. In this paper, our objective is the analysis of the already perceptible economic effects and aspects of 3D virtual collaboration, as well as the overview of the methods by which specific financial impacts can be measured. Based on the review, we will try to develop a 3D virtual collaboration evaluation model that can be used to analyse the investment economic effects of a telework team in transition to a 3D virtual environment. Additionally, we will examine some educational relations.
Open Access: Yes
Assessing and evaluating potential systems resilience
Publication Name: 2024 IEEE 15th International Conference on Cognitive Infocommunications Coginfocom 2024
Publication Date: 2024-01-01
Volume: Unknown
Issue: Unknown
Page Range: 43-50
Description:
The hierarchy of semantic networks can also be observed in the functioning of economic systems. There are uncertainties in semantic networks, meaning that the classification of different attributes is not always clear. The same uncertainty is also present, for example, in the design of logistics strategies as a sub-strategy of the economy, which can lead to inconsistencies between the parameters of the system. It is important for a system to be resilient to both internal and external influences, and it is, therefore, necessary to develop a hierarchy of system parameters based on the semantic network's method and to examine the relationship between parameters in order to achieve resilience and long-term sustainability.
Open Access: Yes
Treno Di Notte Greta Thunberg: the Meaning of Sustainability in the Overnight Rail Passenger Market – A Case Study on the Route Hungary – Italy
Publication Name: Chemical Engineering Transactions
Publication Date: 2023-01-01
Volume: 107
Issue: Unknown
Page Range: 367-372
Description:
This study deals with sustainability issues in transport, focusing on rail and air transport. The background to the research is the need to reduce the carbon footprint of transport, which includes prioritising rail. The current developments in the world: the rise of climate protection and sustainability, increasingly environmentally conscious lifestyles, and the growing media attention on these issues (including Greta Thunberg's activity) suggest that long-distance environmental friendly vehicles like overnight rail passenger trains is likely more to use in Europe. This makes it necessary to improve the rail services. However, previous studies have dealt separately with the environmental issues and the railway development. That is why the scope of the research is to link these two separate topics. In order to achieve the future objectives of the (night) rail market, it is necessary to define what can be meant by rail sustainability, so that the environmental friendliness of this transport mode can be clearly expressed to the public. Therefore, the aim of this research is to determine the relationship between the less polluting rail sub-sector and sustainability by analysing night rail travel compared to short-haul air travel. As a result, the definition of sustainability in rail transport and a case study with the practice of product design methodologies that increase the role of the railway are presented. With the rise of the (night) rail transport, fewer flights will be needed.
Open Access: Yes
DOI: 10.3303/CET23107062
Cultural variance in the metaphorical extension of body part names
Publication Name: Magyar Nyelv
Publication Date: 2021-01-01
Volume: 117
Issue: 3
Page Range: 257-277
Description:
The study examines the cultural embedding of the conceptualization of the human body in a cultural-cognitive linguistic framework. Body parts, organs, body fluids serve as the bases for many metaphorical expressions, which are rooted in physiological experience on the one hand and culturally and historically embedded on the other. The cultural conceptualization of the body can thus be understood as a process at the intersection of physiological experience, cognition, culture, and language. The questions of the study are as follows: (1) What is the role of culture in the figurative (metaphoric or metonymical) use of names of body parts? (2) Which conceptual domains are dominantly utilized in the metaphoric expressions? The paper provides an overview of the main directions of the metaphorical extension of names of body parts through examples from Hungarian and results of research conducted in several other languages. These directions include the domains of EMOTIONS, COGNITION, INTERPERSONAL RELATIONS, CULTURAL VALUES, and issues of spatial representation and grammaticalization.
Open Access: Yes
Global, regional, and national sepsis incidence and mortality, 1990–2021: a systematic analysis
Usha Adiga
Samah W. Al-Jabi
Meriem Abdoun
Quique Bassat
Zulfiqar A. Bhutta
Hany Aly
Ashish Bhargava
Hasan Yaser Alniss
Razique Anwer
Abdul Monim Batiha
Asrat Agalu Abejew
Samar Abd ElHafeez
Mahwish Arooj
Matteo Bauckneht
Mohammad R. Alqudimat
Alok Atreya
Abdelazeem M. Algammal
Saeid Anvari
Auwal Abdullahi
Tahira Ashraf
Shereen M. Aleidi
Mohammad R. Alosta
Senthilkumar Balakrishnan
Zarrin Basharat
Montaha Al-Iede
Nasir Abbas
Syed Shujait Ali
Williams Agyemang-Duah
Sahel Majed Alrousan
Lucien R. Swetschinski
Sonu Bhaskar
Anayochukwu Edward Anyasodor
Lisa C. Adams
Ahmad Naoras Bitar
Madineh Abbasi
Habib Benzian
Intima Alrimawi
Nicole Davis Weaver
Mohammed Albashtawy
Meshack Achore
Domenico Azzolino
Eve E. Wool
Kamoru Ademola Adedokun
Fahad A. Alhumaydhi
Ahmad Alrawashdeh
Aqeel Ahmad
Simachew Animen Bante
Nelson Alvis-Guzman
Umar Muhammad Bello
Rafat Ali
Kevin S. Ikuta
Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah Adnani
Rajon Banik
Amadou Barrow
Mina Borran
Wondu Feyisa Balcha
Chieh Han
Gasha Salih Ahmed
Aanuoluwapo Adeyimika Afolabi
Alaa Aboelnour Badran
Anna Gershberg Hayoon
Hamed Borhany
Nikha Bhardwaj
Ahmad Rajeh Al-Qudimat
Najim Z. Alshahrani
Fentahun Alemnew
Mesfin Abebe
Md Akib Al-Zubayer
Ema Akter
Ridwan Olamilekan Adesola
Ali Azargoonjahromi
Authia P. Gray
Mahsa Ahadi
Mohammed Usman Ali
Zelalem Asmare
Hana J. Abukhadijah
Alemwork Abie
Amani Alansari
Asnake Gashaw Belayneh
Yaser Mohammed Al-Worafi
Filippos Anagnostakis
Daniel T. Araki
Hassan Abolhassani
Sabah Al-Marwani
Gokce Belge Bilgin
Mohammad Mahdi Bastan
Meqdad Saleh Ahmed
Rebecca L. Hsu
Abiye Assefa Berihun
Erin Chung
Hiba Jawdat Barqawi
Julie Alaere Atta
Nurila Aryntayeva
Wakgari Mosisa Abdisa
Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah Adnani
Redeat Libanos Assefa
Syed Anees Ahmed
Haroon Ahmed
Sadat Abdulla Aziz
Avinash Aujayeb
Tomislav Mestrovic
Publication Name: Lancet Global Health
Publication Date: 2025-12-01
Volume: 13
Issue: 12
Page Range: e2013-e2026
Description:
Background: The global burden of sepsis, a life-threatening dysregulated host response to infection leading to organ dysfunction, remains challenging to quantify. We aimed to comprehensively estimate the global, regional, and national burden of sepsis, including the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and underlying causes of sepsis-related deaths with co-occurring infectious syndromes. Methods: We used multiple cause-of-death, hospital, minimally invasive tissue sampling, and linked death certificate and hospital record data representing 149 million deaths, covering 4290 location-years with mortality estimates from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2021 to capture explicit and implicit sepsis cases and deaths. We estimated age-location-sex-specific fractions of sepsis-related deaths from 195 underlying causes of death and 22 infectious syndromes from 1990 to 2021 using binomial logistic regression models, and estimated sepsis-related deaths using GBD cause-specific mortality estimates. Using 250 million hospital admissions and 7·82 million deaths from hospital data, representing 1310 location-years, we modelled case fatality rates by use of binomial logistic regression, applied to sepsis death estimates to estimate sepsis incidence by age, location, and year. Findings: In 2021, we estimated 166 million (95% uncertainty interval 135–201) sepsis cases and 21·4 million (20·3–22·5) all-cause sepsis-related deaths globally, representing 31·5% of total global deaths. Sepsis-related deaths decreased between 1990 and 2019, followed by a surge in 2020 and 2021. As of 2021, individuals aged 15 years and older experienced increases across incidence (230%) and mortality (26·3%) since 1990. Those aged 70 years and older had the highest sepsis-related mortality in 2021 (9·28 million [8·74–9·86] deaths). Sepsis-related deaths from infectious underlying causes decreased from 11·8 million (11·1–12·5) in 1990 to 8·34 million (7·72–9·01) in 2019, then increased by 86·4% to 15·5 million (14·7–16·4) in 2021. Sepsis-related mortality due to non-infectious underlying causes of death increased from 4·69 million (4·35–5·05) in 1990 to 5·81 million (5·40–6·25) in 2021; the leading non-infectious underlying causes of death with sepsis were stroke, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and cirrhosis. In 2021, bloodstream infections inclusive of HIV and malaria (3·08 million [2·83–3·35]) and lower respiratory infections inclusive of COVID-19 (11·33 million [1·20–1·47]) were the most prominent infectious syndromes complicating sepsis-related deaths from non-infectious underlying causes, representing a consistent trend since 1990. Interpretation: The global burden of sepsis increased in 2020 and 2021, reversing progress from 1990. Sepsis incidence and mortality increased in people aged 15 years and older, especially those aged 70 years and older, and as a complication of non-infectious underlying causes of death such as stroke, primarily through bloodstream infections and lower respiratory infections. The global burden of sepsis is substantial, and sepsis is increasingly a complication of non-infectious causes of death. Funding: Gates Foundation, Wellcome Trust, and Department of Health and Social Care using UK aid funding managed by the Fleming Fund.
Open Access: Yes
CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES IN THE ENERGETIC MODERNIZATION OF HISTORIC RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS IN BUDAPEST DOWNTOWN
Publication Name: Iet Conference Proceedings
Publication Date: 2024-01-01
Volume: 2024
Issue: 8
Page Range: 82-88
Description:
A significant part of the buildings in the downtown of Budapest were built at the turn of the century, the condition of the load-bearing structures is usually adequate, but the secondary structures and mechanical systems are outdated, and from an energy point of view the building stock is mostly outdated and inefficient. In case of historical buildings, energy renovation is not a simple, self-evident process, as it requires a differentiated approach and striving for the optimum. This study provides an overview of the different building structures, analyses the possibilities of energy renovation, and formulates a proposal on the extent and method of interventions. Using the example of a case study, it quantifies the amount of the energy improvement that can be achieved by implementing different renovation scenarios. Energy calculations carried out on the selected sample building demonstrated that deep renovation can result in significant energy and CO2 savings. It has also demonstrated that, in addition to the comprehensive whole building envelope upgrades, the modernization of the mechanical systems is also required in order to achieve significant improvements in the energy performance of the building.
Open Access: Yes
Limit design of reinforced concrete haunched beams by the control of the residual plastic deformation
Publication Name: Structures
Publication Date: 2022-05-01
Volume: 39
Issue: Unknown
Page Range: 987-996
Description:
In this paper, a novel computational (optimization) model is presented to control the plastic behaviour of reinforced concrete haunched beams using complementary strain energy of residual forces formed inside the steel reinforcing bars. For this purpose, a numerical model validation process was held and then two non-linear optimization problems were outlined. In these optimization problems, different objective functions were considered applying the optimal elasto-plastic analysis and design of haunched reinforced concrete beams aiming to find the maximal loading or the minimum volume of the steel used to reinforce the beams as the plastic deformations are controlled by using constraints on the complementary strain energy of the residual internal forces of the steel bars. Moreover, the effect of these constraints on different haunch angle beams is studied. The applied method is described in terms of nonlinear mathematical programming and providing solutions when the plastic reserves of the body are not fully exhausted. It is worth mentioning that in this study a concrete damage plasticity constitutive model is applied in the numerical problems and calibrated in accordance with the data gained from laboratory tests. The optimal solutions of the nonlinear mathematical problems were calculated by MATLAB programming codes written by the authors taking into consideration different objective functions and equality and inequality constraints for each case. Finally, by performing a parametric study, the different optimization problems showed how beams behaved differently under different complementary strain energy limit values shifting from elastic into elasto-plastic state and then reaches the fully plastic state where results showed different comparisons taking into consideration the effect of the different complementary strain energy limit values on the maximum applied load, geometry of the beam and steel volume used to reinforce the beams. Thus, complementary strain energy limit value is used to control the plastic deformation inside steel bars during loading progress where avoiding the formation of the plastic deformation in the steel bars would reflect on the general behaviour of the haunched reinforced concrete beams.
Open Access: Yes
